Evolution is considered controversial by a substantial minority ofAmericans. Religious opposition explains this, but this opposition is comprisedof a broad continuum of religious views. It runs from “young earthcreationism” through “old earth creationism” (including“day-age,” “gap,” and “progressivecreationism”) to “theistic evolutionism.” Historically,antievolutionists have attempted to ban evolution and to present it on an equalfooting with “creation science.” Scholars largely ignoredantievolutionism until efforts to pass “equal time for creation andevolution” laws stimulated both political and scholarly activism. Lately,there are efforts to discourage the teaching of evolution by requiring teachersto read disclaimers before teaching it, to teach it as “theory, notfact,” or to present fancied “evidence against evolution.”Recently, “intelligent design theory,” a restatement of WilliamPaley's Argument from Design, has surfaced. Although rejected byscientists, intelligent design arguments and publications are appearing at thecollege level (in nonscience courses) as accurate representations of scientificscholarship.