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27 February 2018A deep learning classifier for prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from baseline breast DCE-MRI
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Kavya Ravichandran,1,2 Nathaniel Braman,2 Andrew Janowczyk,2 Anant Madabhushi2

1Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States)
2Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)
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Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is routinely used to treat breast tumors before surgery to reduce tumor size and improve outcome. However, no current clinical or imaging metrics can effectively predict before treatment which NAC recipients will achieve pathological complete response (pCR), the absence of residual invasive disease in the breast or lymph nodes following surgical resection. In this work, we developed and applied a convolu- tional neural network (CNN) to predict pCR from pre-treatment dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) scans on a per-voxel basis. In this study, DCE-MRI data for a total of 166 breast cancer pa- tients from the ISPY1 Clinical Trial were split into a training set of 133 patients and a testing set of 33 patients. A CNN consisting of 6 convolutional blocks was trained over 30 epochs. The pre-contrast and post-contrast DCE-MRI phases were considered in isolation and conjunction. A CNN utilizing a combination of both pre- and post-contrast images best distinguished responders, with an AUC of 0.77; 82% of the patients in the testing set were correctly classified based on their treatment response. Within the testing set, the CNN was able to produce probability heatmaps that visualized tumor regions that most strongly predicted therapeutic response. Multi- variate analysis with prognostic clinical variables (age, largest diameter, hormone receptor and HER2 status), revealed that the network was an independent predictor of response (p=0.05), and that the inclusion of HER2 status could further improve capability to predict response (AUC = 0.85, accuracy = 85%).
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Kavya Ravichandran,Nathaniel Braman,Andrew Janowczyk, andAnant Madabhushi"A deep learning classifier for prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from baseline breast DCE-MRI", Proc. SPIE 10575, Medical Imaging 2018: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, 105750C (27 February 2018);https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2294056
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Cited by 21 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Tumors
Breast
Receptors
Magnetic resonance imaging
Breast cancer
Network architectures
Cancer
Surgery
Lymphatic system
Visualization
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Kavya Ravichandran, Nathaniel Braman, Andrew Janowczyk, Anant Madabhushi, "A deep learning classifier for prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from baseline breast DCE-MRI," Proc. SPIE 10575, Medical Imaging 2018: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, 105750C (27 February 2018); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2294056
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