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Original Articles

Toxoplasma gondii Seropositivity and Suicide Rates in Women

Ling, Vinita J. MA*; Lester, David PhD; Mortensen, Preben Bo DMSc; Langenberg, Patricia W. PhD§; Postolache, Teodor T. MD

Author Information

*University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI; †Richard Stockton College, Pomona, NJ; ‡National Centre for Register-Based Research, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; and §Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, and ∥Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

This study is supported by grants from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention and the National Institutes of Health (R01MH074891), both to T. T. P.

Send reprint requests to Teodor T. Postolache, MD, Mood and Anxiety Program (MAP), Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, MSTF Building Room 502, Baltimore, MD 21201.E-mail:[email protected].

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease199(7):p 440-444, July 2011. |DOI:10.1097/NMD.0b013e318221416e

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects roughly a third of the world population. In an immunocompetent host, infection is generally chronic and asymptomatic, as the immune system keepsT. gondii confined to cysts and the intracellular space within the muscle and brain. Seropositivity has been linked to schizophrenia, car accidents, changes in personality, and more recently, suicidal attempts. Very recently, seroprevalence for 20 European countries was found to be associated with increased suicide rates. Although suicide rates were age-standardized, given thatT. gondii seroprevalence increases with age and that the blood samples were drawn in women, we now retested in women only the association between suicide andT. gondii seropositivity, stratified by age. Simple correlations between rankedT. gondii seropositivity and suicide rate identified statistically significant relationships in women 60 years or older (p < 0.05); adjusting for GDP, the statistical significance expanded to include women 45 years and older. The strongest association was in the 60- to 74-year-old group where, after adjustment for GDP, the relationship (p = 0.007) resisted Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. In conclusion, the results suggest that a positive relationship between rates of infection withT. gondii and suicide is apparent in women of postmenopausal age. Prospective studies are necessary to further confirm this association predictively and to explore mechanisms mediating this relationship.

© 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

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The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease199(7):440-444, July 2011.
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