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The American Astronomical Society (AAS), established in 1899 and based in Washington, DC, is the major organization of professional astronomers in North America. Its membership of about 7,000 individuals also includes physicists, mathematicians, geologists, engineers, and others whose research and educational interests lie within the broad spectrum of subjects comprising contemporary astronomy. The mission of the AAS is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe.

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Successive Refinements in Long-Term Integrations of Planetary Orbits

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© 2003. The AmericanAstronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed inU.S.A.
,,Citation F. Varadiet al 2003ApJ592 620DOI 10.1086/375560

F. Varadi

AFFILIATIONS

Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567

B. Runnegar

AFFILIATIONS

Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Center for Astrobiology, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567

M. Ghil

AFFILIATIONS

Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567; and Département Terre-Atmosphère-Océan and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75213 Paris Cedex 05, France

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Dates

  1. Received2002 March 16
  2. Accepted2003 March 27
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0004-637X/592/1/620

Abstract

We report on accurate, long-term numerical simulations of the orbits of the major planets in our solar system. The equations of motion are directly integrated by a Störmer multistep scheme, which is optimized to reduce round-off errors. The physical models are successively refined to include corrections due to general relativity and the finite size of the lunar orbit. In one case, the Earth-Moon system is resolved as two separate bodies, and the results are compared with those based on analytically averaging the lunar orbit. Through this comparison, a better analytical model is obtained. The computed orbits are in good agreement with those of previous studies for the past 5 Myr but not for earlier times. The inner planets exhibit chaotic behavior with a Lyapunov time of exponential separation of nearby orbits equal to about 4 Myr. Modeling uncertainties and chaos in the inner solar system restrict the accuracy of the computations beyond the past 50 Myr. We do not observe marked chaos in the motion of the Jovian planets in our 90 Myr integration, and we infer that the Lyapunov time for those planets is at least 30 Myr.

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10.1086/375560

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