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Abstract

This review summarizes the recent developments of di­sulfidebond formation with a variety of reagents. The scope and limitationsof the presented methods are discussed. The syntheses of unsymmetricaldisulfides are highlighted in order to present the most versatileachievements.

1 Introduction

2 Preparation of Disulfides

2.1 By Oxidation of Thiols

2.2 By Reductive Coupling of Sulfonyl Chlorides

2.3 By Reaction with Sulfur Monochloride

2.4 By Radical Cyclization of Substituted Aminothiourea Derivatives­

2.5 Using 1-Chlorobenzotriazole

2.6 From Elemental Sulfur

2.7 From Organophosphorus Sulfenyl Bromide

2.8 FromN-Trifluoroacetyl Arenesulfenamides

2.9 Using Phase-Transfer Catalysis

2.10 From a Thiol-Disulfide Exchange Reaction

2.11 From Thiocyanates

2.12 From 2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl Sulfides

2.13 From Thiosulfonates and Thiosulfates

2.14 From Thioesters

2.15 By Disulfide Exchange Reactions

2.16 From Tetrathiomolybdate

2.17 By Miscellaneous Reactions

3 Conclusions

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