1. Mohammed Umer: Deceased

Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan

   Moinuddin Ahmed

2. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, 10964, New York, USA

   Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Brendan M. Buckley, Edward R. Cook & Jason E. Smerdon

3. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, 2543, Massachusetts, USA

   Kevin J. Anchukaitis

4. School of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

   Asfawossen Asrat & Mohammed Umer

5. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, 411008, India

   Hemant P. Borgaonkar

6. Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, University of Trieste, 34128, Italy

   Martina Braida & Barbara Stenni

7. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland

   Ulf Büntgen & Raphael Neukom

8. Département Paléoenvironnements et Paléoclimats (PAL), Université Montpellier, Montpellier, 34095, France

   Brian M. Chase

9. Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway

   Brian M. Chase

10. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile

    Duncan A. Christie & Antonio Lara

11. Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 2777, Santiago, Chile

    Duncan A. Christie & Antonio Lara

12. Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, 7050, Tasmania, Australia

    Mark A. J. Curran, Andrew D. Moy & Tas van Ommen

13. Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, 7005, Tasmania, Australia

    Mark A. J. Curran, Andrew D. Moy & Tas van Ommen

14. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, 80305, Colorado, USA

    Henry F. Diaz

15. Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55099, Germany

    Jan Esper

16. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China

    Ze-Xin Fan

17. Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, GPO Box 3323, Lalitpur, Nepal

    Narayan P. Gaire

18. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Quansheng Ge & Xuemei Shao

19. School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Victoria, Australia

    Joëlle Gergis

20. Departamento Astrofísica y CC de la Atmósfera, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain

    J Fidel González-Rouco

21. Lemaitre Center for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium

    Hugues Goosse

22. School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, 2050, South Africa

    Stefan W. Grab & David J. Nash

23. Hydrologic Research Center, San Diego, 92130, California, USA

    Nicholas Graham & Rochelle Graham

24. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research & Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland

    Martin Grosjean & Heinz Wanner

25. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    Sami T. Hanhijärvi & Atte A. Korhola

26. School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, 86011, Arizona, USA

    Darrell S. Kaufman & Nicholas P. McKay

27. International Project Office, Past Global Changes (PAGES), Bern, 3012, Switzerland

    Thorsten Kiefer & Lucien von Gunten

28. Department of Symbiotic System Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima, 960-1248, Japan

    Katsuhiko Kimura

29. Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

    Paul J. Krusic

30. Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris cedex, 575252, France

    Anne-Marie Lézine

31. Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

    Fredrik C. Ljungqvist

32. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., National Climate Centre Auckland, 1011, Zealand

    Andrew M. Lorrey

33. Department of Geography, Climatology, Climate Dynamics and Climate Change, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 35390, Germany

    Jürg Luterbacher & Johannes P. Werner

34. Laboratoire des Science du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91 191, France

    Valérie Masson-Delmotte

35. Department of Geography, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK

    Danny McCarroll & Maria R. Prieto

36. Desert Research Institute, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, 89512, Nevada, USA

    Joseph R. McConnell & Michael Sigl

37. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CCT-CONICET-Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina

    Mariano S. Morales, Ignacio A. Mundo & Ricardo Villalba

38. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK

    Robert Mulvaney

39. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464.8601, Japan

    Takeshi Nakatsuka & Masaki Sano

40. School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK

    David J. Nash

41. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32308, Florida, USA

    Sharon E. Nicholson

42. Department of Glaciology, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz Association, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany

    Hans Oerter

43. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK

    Jonathan G. Palmer

44. Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia

    Jonathan G. Palmer, Steven J. Phipps & Chris S.M. Turney

45. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia

    Steven J. Phipps

46. Centro de Estudios Cientificos, Valdivia, Chile

    Andres Rivera

47. Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy

    Mirko Severi

48. Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, Texas, USA

    Timothy M. Shanahan

49. LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Feng Shi

50. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017, Russia

    Olga N. Solomina

51. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA

    Eric J. Steig

52. National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa, 403 804, India

    Meloth Thamban

53. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, Arizona, USA

    Valerie Trouet

54. Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium

    Dirk Verschuren

55. Department of Geography, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada

    Andre E. Viau

56. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark

    Bo M. Vinther

57. Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany

    Sebastian Wagner & Eduardo Zorita

58. National Climatic Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, 80305, Colorado, USA

    Eugene R. Wahl

59. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, Colorado, USA

    James W.C. White

60. Department of Forest Science, Shinshu University, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Koh Yasue

Consortia

Corresponding author

Correspondence toDarrell S. Kaufman.

The online version of the original article can be found at10.1038/ngeo1797

Reprints and permissions