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Nature Microbiology
  • Review Article
  • Published:

The cell biology of archaea

Nature Microbiologyvolume 7, pages1744–1755 (2022)Cite this article

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Abstract

The past decade has revealed the diversity and ubiquity of archaea in nature, with a growing number of studies highlighting their importance in ecology, biotechnology and even human health. Myriad lineages have been discovered, which expanded the phylogenetic breadth of archaea and revealed their central role in the evolutionary origins of eukaryotes. These discoveries, coupled with advances that enable the culturing and live imaging of archaeal cells under extreme environments, have underpinned a better understanding of their biology. In this Review we focus on the shape, internal organization and surface structures that are characteristic of archaeal cells as well as membrane remodelling, cell growth and division. We also highlight some of the technical challenges faced and discuss how new and improved technologies will help address many of the key unanswered questions.

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Fig. 1: The wide spectrum of archaeal cell shapes and sizes schematically visualized to scale.
Fig. 2: The distribution of key components of different archaeal cell biology processes.
Fig. 3: The archaeal cell envelope.
Fig. 4: Fluorescence protein localization images from different archaeal cell biology studies.
Fig. 5: Schematic overview of the best understood cell-division mechanisms in archaea.

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Acknowledgements

M.v.W. was supported by a Momentum grant from the VW Foundation (grant no. 94933). A.A.P. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant no. 203276/Z/16/Z) and HFSP (grant no. LT001027/2019). B.B. received generous support from the MRC-LMB, The Wellcome Trust (grant no. 203276/Z/16/Z), the VW Foundation (Life? grant no. 94933), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s Symbiosis in Aquatic Systems Initiative (grant no. 9346), and from the Moore-Simons Project on the Origin of the Eukaryotic Cell (Simons Foundation 735929LPI). S.G. acknowledges funding from the French National Agency for Research Grant Archaevol (grant no. ANR-16-CE02-0005-01) and the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir programme, Laboratoire d’Excellence ‘Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases’ (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). S.-V.A. received funding from the Life grant Az96727 from the VW foundation and the SFB 1381/German Research Foundation under project no. 403222702-SFB 1381.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Biology of Archaea, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    Marleen van Wolferen & Sonja-Verena Albers

  2. Division of Cell Biology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK

    Andre Arashiro Pulschen & Buzz Baum

  3. Evolutionary Biology of the Microbial Cell Unit, CNRS UMR2001, Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France

    Simonetta Gribaldo

Authors
  1. Marleen van Wolferen
  2. Andre Arashiro Pulschen
  3. Buzz Baum
  4. Simonetta Gribaldo
  5. Sonja-Verena Albers

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M.v.W., A.A.P., B.B., S.G. and S.-V.A. contributed equally to all aspects of the article.

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Correspondence toBuzz Baum,Simonetta Gribaldo orSonja-Verena Albers.

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van Wolferen, M., Pulschen, A.A., Baum, B.et al. The cell biology of archaea.Nat Microbiol7, 1744–1755 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01215-8

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