• Adams, I., and Somerville, M. (1993).Cargoes of Despair and Hope: Scottish Emigration to North America 1603-1803, John Donald, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Beaudry, M. C., Cook, L. J., and Mrozowski, S. (1991). Artifacts and active voices: Material culture as social discourse. In McGuire, R., and Paynter, R. (eds.),The Archaeology of Inequality, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 150-191.

  Google Scholar 

• Beaudry, M. C. (n.d.).Above vulgar economy: Material culture and social positioning among Newburyport's merchant elite. Unpublished manuscript.

• Bender, B. (ed.) (1993).Landscape: Politics and Perspectives, Berg, Oxford.

  Google Scholar 

• Caird, J. B. (1979). Land use in the Uists since 1800.Proceedings of the Royal Society Edinburgh77(B): 505-526.

  Google Scholar 

• Craig, D. (1990).On the Crofters' Trail: In Search of the Clearance Highlanders, Jonathan Cape, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Cameron, E. A. (1996).Land for the People?: The British Government and the Scottish Highlands c. 1880-1925, Scottish Historical Review Monographs Series no. 2, Tuckwell Press, East Linton.

  Google Scholar 

• Cooper, D. (1979).Road to the Isles: Travellers in the Hebrides 1770-1914, Futura, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Cooper, D. (1985).The Road to Mingulay: A View of the Western Isles, Futura, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Creegan, E. (1964).Argyll Estate Instructions, 1771-1805, Scottish Historical Studies, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Deetz, J. (1977).In Small Things Forgotten: The Archaeology of Everyday Life in Early America, Anchor Books, New York.

  Google Scholar 

• Devine, T. M. (1979). Temporary migration and the Scottish Highlands in the nineteenth-century.Economic History Review32(2nd series): 344-359.

  Google Scholar 

• Devine, T. M. (1988).The Great Highland Famine, John Donald, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Devine, T. M. (1992). Landlordism and highland emigration. In Devine, T. M. (ed.)Scottish Emigration and Scottish Society, John Donald, Edinburgh, pp. 85-103.

  Google Scholar 

• Devine, T. M. (1994).Clanship to Crofters War, Manchester University Press, Manchester.

  Google Scholar 

• Dodgshon, R. A. (1989). Pretense of blude an plaice of thair dwelling. In Houston, R. A., and Whyte, I. D. (eds.),Scottish Society 1500-1800, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 168-198.

  Google Scholar 

• Dodgshon, R. A. (1992). Farming practice in the western highlands and islands before crofting: A study in cultural inertia or opportunity costs?Rural History3(2): 173-189.

  Google Scholar 

• Dodgshon, R. A. (1993). West highland and Hebridean landscapes: Have they a history without runrig?Journal of Historical Geography19(4): 383-398.

  Google Scholar 

• Dunnell, R. C. (1992). The notion of site. In Rossignol, J., and Wandsnider, L. (eds.),Space, Time and Archaeological Landscapes, Plenum, New York, pp. 21-42.

  Google Scholar 

• Fenton, A. (1987).Country Life in Scotland: Our Rural Past, John Donald, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Fleming, A. (1990). Landscape archaeology, prehistory and rural studies.Rural History1: 5-15.

  Google Scholar 

• Flinn, M. W. (ed.) (1977).Scottish Population History, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

  Google Scholar 

• Foley, R. (1981). A model of regional archaeological structure.Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society47: 1-17.

  Google Scholar 

• Foster, S., and Hingley, R. (1994). The potential and significance of field system remains. In Foster, S., and Smout, T. C. (eds.),The History of Soil and Field Systems, Scottish Cultural Press, Aberdeen, pp. 135-144.

  Google Scholar 

• Frazer, B. (1996). Common recollections-resisting enclosure by agreement. Paper given at the Eighteenth Annual Theoretical Archaeology Group Conference, Liverpool, December 1996.

• Frazer, B. (1999). Common recollections: Resisting enclosure "by agreement" in seventeenth-century England.International Journal of Historical Archaeology3: 75-99.

  Google Scholar 

• Gaskell, P. (1968).Morvern Transformed, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

  Google Scholar 

• Giddens, A. (1984).The Constitution of Society, Polity Press, Cambridge.

  Google Scholar 

• Glassie, H. (1972). Folk art. In Dorson, R. M. (ed.),Folklore and Folklife: An Introduction, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 253-280.

  Google Scholar 

• Goffman, E. (1969).The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Allen Lane, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Gray, M. (1957).The Highland Economy, 1750-1850, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Gregory, D., and Urry, J. (eds.) (1985).Social Relations and Spatial Structures, Macmillan, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Gutting, D. (1996). Narrative identity and residential history.Area28(4), Institute of British Geographers: 482-499.

  Google Scholar 

• Hall, M. (1992). Small things and the mobile, conflictual fusion of power, fear, and desire. In Yentsch, A. M., and Beaudry, M. C. (eds.),The Art and Mystery of Historical Archaeology: Essays in Honor of James Deetz, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 373-399.

  Google Scholar 

• Hunter, J. (1976).The Making of the Crofting Community, Edinburgh, John Donald.

  Google Scholar 

• Hunter, J. (1991).The Claim of Crofting, Mainstream Publishing, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Ingold, T. (1993). The temporality of the landscape.World Archaeology25: 152-174.

  Google Scholar 

• Jackson, P. (1989).Maps of Meaning: An Introduction to Cultural Geography, Routledge, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Jackson, P., and Penrose, J. (eds.) (1993).Constructions of Race. Place and Nation, UCL Press, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Johnson, S. (1984).A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland, Penguin Classics, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Leneman, L. (1988). A new role for a lost cause: Lowland romanticism of the Jacobite highlander. In Leneman, L. (ed.),Perspectives in Scottish Social History, Aberdeen University Press, Aberdeen, pp. 107-124.

  Google Scholar 

• Macinnes, A. (1988). Scottish Gaeldom: the first phase of clearance. In Devine, T. M., and Micheson, R. (eds.),People and Society in Scotland, Vol. 1: 1760-1830, John Donald, Edinburgh, pp. 70-90.

  Google Scholar 

• Mackay, D. (1993). Scottish rural highland settlement: preserving a people's past. In Hingley, R. (ed.),Medieval or Later Rural Settlement in Scotland: Management and Preservation, Historic Scotland Ancient Monuments Division Occasional Paper no. 1, Edinburgh, pp. 43-51.

• MacKenzie, A. [1991 (1883)].A History of the Highland Clearances, Inverness. Reprinted by Mercat Press, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• MacLean, S. [1985 (1937-41)]. The poetry of the clearances. In Gilles, W. (ed.),Ris A' Bhruthaich: The Criticism and Prose Writings of Sorely MacLean.

• MacLellan, A. [1997 (1961)].The Furrow Behind Me: The Autobiography of a Hebridean Crofter, Campbell, J. L. (trans.), Birlinn, Edinburgh.

  Google Scholar 

• Miller, D., Rowlands, M., and Tilley, C. (1989).Domination and Resistance. Unwin Hyman, London.

  Google Scholar 

• McCrone, D. (1989). Representing Scotland: Culture and nationalism. In McCrone, D., Kendrick, S., and Straw, P. (eds.)The Making of Scotland: Nation, Culture and Social Change, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 161-174.

  Google Scholar 

• McCrone, D. (1992).Understanding Scotland: The Sociology of a Stateless Nation, Routledge, London.

  Google Scholar 

• McGuire, R. H., and Paynter, R. (eds.) (1991).The Archaeology of Inequality, Blackwell, Oxford.

  Google Scholar 

• McKendrick, N., Brewer, J., and Plumb, J. H. (eds.) (1983).The Birth of a Consumer Society: The Commercialisation of Eighteenth-Century England, Hutchinson, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Orser, C. E. (1996).An Historical Archaeology of the Modern World, Plenum, New York.

  Google Scholar 

• Parman, S. (1990).Scottish Crofters: A Historical Ethnography of a Celtic Village, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Fort Worth.

  Google Scholar 

• Pocius, G. L. (1991).A Place to Belong: Community Order and Everyday Space in Calvert, Newfoundland, University of Georgia Press/McGill-Queens University Press, Athens and Montreal.

  Google Scholar 

• Prebble, J. (1963).The Highland Clearances, Harmondsworth, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Pred, A. (1984). Place as historically contingent process: structuration and the time geography of becoming places.Association of American Geographers Annals74: 279-297.

  Google Scholar 

• Pred, A. (1990). Context and bodies in flux: Some comments on space and time in the writing of Anthony Giddens. In Clark, J., Modgil, L., and Modgil, S. (eds.),Anthony Giddens: Consensus and Controversy, Falmer Press, London, pp. 117-129.

  Google Scholar 

• Richards, E. (1982).A History of the Highland Clearances. Vol. 1: Agrarian Transformations and the Evictions 1746-1886, Croom Helm, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Richards, E. (1985).A History of the Highland Clearances Volume 2: Emigration Protest, Reasons, Croom Helm, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Scott, J. C. (1978).Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, Yale University Press, New Haven.

  Google Scholar 

• Thompson, E. P. (1993). The moral economy reviewed. In Thompson, E. P. (ed.),Customs in Common, Penguin Books, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Tilley, C. (1994).A Phenomenology of Landscape, Berg, Oxford.

  Google Scholar 

• Trevor-Roper, H. (1983). The invention of tradition: the Highland tradition of Scotland. In Hobsbawn, E., and Trevor-Roper, H. (eds.),The Invention of Tradition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 15-42.

  Google Scholar 

• Turnbull, J. (1768). Number of inhabitants in the island of Tirii with the holding sowing and increase of each farm.Inveraray Castle,Argyll Papers, V65.

• Williams, R. [1985 (1973)].The Country and The City, The Hogarth Press, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Withers, C. (1988).Gaelic Scotland: The Transformation of a Culture Region, Routledge, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Withers, C. (1992). The historical creation of the highlands. In Donnachie, I., and Whateley, C. (eds.),The Manufacture of Scottish History, Polygon, Edinburgh, pp. 143-156.

  Google Scholar 

• Womack, P. (1989).Improvement and Romance: Constructing the Myth of the Highlands, Macmillan, London.

  Google Scholar 

• Whyte, I. D. (1995).Scotland Before the Industrial Revolution c. 1050-1750, Longman, London.

  Google Scholar 

Download references