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GATHERING AND SOWING ACROSS THE CENTRAL MAYA LOWLANDS: A REVIEW OF PLANT USE BY PRECERAMIC PEOPLES AND THE EARLY TO MIDDLE PRECLASSIC MAYA

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 December 2021

Clarissa Cagnato*
Affiliation:
UMR 8096, Archéologie des Amériques, Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France
*
E-mail correspondence to:ccagnato@wustl.edu

Abstract

The recovery of macro- and microbotanicals, along with the study of chemical residues, allows us to shed light on a number of anthropological issues concerning ancient populations. This article reviews the data available to date on the plants used by preceramic peoples during the Archaic period and by the Early to Middle Preclassic Maya across the central Maya lowlands. Archaeobotanical data suggest that early preceramic populations took advantage of their ecologically rich natural environment by gathering a range of wild foods and by cultivating domesticates such as maize, manioc, and chili peppers, a pattern that seemingly continued into the Early to Middle Preclassic, as the Maya settled into village life and left more visible traces of modifications to their natural environment in the form of canals and terraces. This region is of particular interest with regard to the development of sociopolitical complexity, as mobile hunter-gatherers used domesticates during the millennia that preceded the onset of sedentary life. These early populations set the stage for patterns of plant use that endured through time, but also across space in the Maya region.

Information

Type
Special Section: The Preceramic and Early Ceramic Periods in Belize and the Central Maya Lowlands
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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