The established nation-state is in full retreat in Europe while it is advancing voraciously in Africa and Asia. Integration among discrete political units is a historical fact in Europe, but disintegration seems to be the dominantmotif elsewhere. Cannot the example of successful integration in Europe be imitated? Could not the techniques of international and supranational cooperation developed in Luxembourg, Paris, and Brussels be put to use in Accra, Bangkok, and Cairo, as well as on the East River in New York? Or, in a different perspective, will not the progress of unity in Europe inevitably have its integrating repercussions in other regions and at the level of the United Nations even without efforts at conscious imitation?

¹ As cited inMetcalf, andUrwick,, eds.,Dynamic Administration,New York,Harper & Brothers,1940, p.40.Google Scholar

²Ibid., p. 32.

³Dean,Rusk, “Parliamentary Diplomacy—Debate vs. Negotiation,”World Affairs Interpreter,Summer1955 (Vol.26, No. 2), p.121–122.Google Scholar

⁴ The conventions dealing with the equivalence of university degrees and the movement of persons are exceptions to this generalization. Both of them involved some measure of upgrading common interests.

⁵Schokking,Jan J. andNels,Anderson, “Observations on the European Integration Process,”Journal of Conflict Resolution,121960 (Vol.4, No. 4), p.409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁶ My discussion of OEEC benefited greatly from the advice and criticism of William Diebold. Jr., and Robert Triffin.

⁷ See, above all,Brzezinski,Zbigniew K.,The Soviet Bloc,Cambridge, Mass.,Harvard University Press,1960Google Scholar; andGeorge,Modelski,The Communist International System,Princeton,Center of International Studies,12 I,1960, and the literature cited there.Google Scholar

⁸ For descriptions of the Latin American Free Trade Area and the Central American Free Trade Area conventions seeEuropa-Archiv,041960 (Vol.15, No. 7–8)Google Scholar,External Affairs, April 1960, andMonthly Review of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, September 1960. The scheme is defended byGalo,Plaza, “For a Regional Market in Latin America,”Foreign Affairs,071959 (Vol.37, No. 2)Google Scholar. Both conventions have been completed and are awaiting ratification. It should not be overlooked that the driving force behind the negotiations was the UN Economic Commission for Latin America.