1. Altman D (1994) Fuzzy set theoretic approaches for handling imprecision in spatial analysis. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 8:271–289

   Article  Google Scholar 

2. Bejaoui L, Bédard Y, Pinet F, Saheli M, Schneider M (2007) Logical consistency for vague spatiotemporal objects and relations. In: 5th International symposium on spatial data quality (ISSDQ 2007), Enschede, NLD, 13–15 June 2007, 8 p

3. Bejaoui L, Pinet F, Bédard Y, Schneider M (2008) Qualified topological relations between spatial objects with possibly vague shape. to appear in International Journal of Geographical Information Science

4. Bejaoui L, Pinet F, Bédard Y, Schneider M (2008) An Adverbial Approach for Formal Specification of Topological Constraints Involving Regions with Broad Boundaries,Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5231 (ER 2008), p. 383–396

5. Borges KAV, Davis CA, Laender AHF (2001) OMT-G: An Object-Oriented Data Model for Geographic Applications. GeoInformatica 5:221–260

   Article  Google Scholar 

6. Brown DG (1998) Classification and boundary vagueness in mapping presettlement forest types. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 12:105–129

   Article  Google Scholar 

7. Burrough PA (1989) Fuzzy mathematical methods for soil survey and land evaluation. J Soil Sci 40:477–492

   Article  Google Scholar 

8. Burrough PA, Frank AU (1996) Geographic objects with indeterminate boundaries

9. Claramunt C (2000) Extending Ladkin’s algebra on non-convex intervals towards an algebra on union-of regions. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems. ACM, Washington, D.C., United States

10. Clementini E, Di Felice P (1997) Approximate Topological Relations. Int J Approx Reason 16:173–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

11. Cockcroft S (2004) The Design and Implementation of a Repository for the Management of Spatial Data Integrity Constraints. GeoInformatica 8:49–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

12. Cockcroft S (2001) Modelling Spatial Data Integrity Rules at the Metadata Level. In: 6th International Conference on GeoComputation, Brisbane, Australia, 2001 september 24–26

13. Cockcroft S (1997) A Taxonomy of Spatial Data Integrity Constraints. GeoInformatica 1:327–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

14. Cockcroft S (1998) User Defined Spatial Business Rules: Storage, Management and Implementation—A Pipe Network Case Study. In: 10th Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New-Zealand, 16–19 novembre 1998. p 73–81

15. Cohn AG, Bennett B, Gooday J, Gotts NM (1997) Qualitative Spatial Representation and Reasoning with the Region Connection Calculus. GeoInformatica 1:275–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

16. Cohn AG, N.M Gotts (1996) The ‘Egg-Yolk’ Representation of Regions with Indeterminate Boundaries. In: GISDATA Specialist Meeting on Spatial Objects with Undetermined Boundaries. Taylor & Francis, p 171–187

17. Cook S, Daniels J (1994) Designing object systems-object oriented modeling with Syntropy. Prentice-Hall

18. Demuth B (2005) The Dresden OCL Toolkit and the Business Rules Approach. In: European Business Rules Conference (EBRC2005), Amsterdam

19. Demuth B, Hussmann H (1999) Using UML/OCL Constraints for Relational Database Design. In: «UML»’99—The Unified Modeling Language. p 751–751

20. Demuth B, Hussmann H, Loecher S (2001) OCL as a Specification Language for Business Rules in Database Applications. In: «UML» 2001—The Unified Modeling Language. Modeling Languages, Concepts, and Tools. p 104–117

21. Demuth B, Loecher S, Zschaler S (2004) Structure of the Dresden OCL Toolkit. In: 2nd International Fujaba Days “MDA with UML and Rule–based Object Manipulation”, Darmstadt, Germany, September 15–17

22. Dilo A (2006) Representation of and reasoning with vagueness in spatial information: A system for handling vague objects. Wageningen University and ITC, 187 p

23. Duboisset M, Pinet F, Kang MA, Schneider M (2005) Precise modeling and verification of topological integrity constraints in spatial databases: from an expressive power study to code generation principles. Lect Notes Comput Sci 3716:465–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

24. Egenhofer M, Herring J (1990) A mathematical framework for the definition of topological relations. In: Fourth International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Zurich, Switzerland. p 803–813

25. Egenhofer M, Franzosa J (1990) Point-set Topological relations. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 5(2):161–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

26. Erwig M, Schneider M (1997) Vague regions. In: Advances in Spatial Databases. p 298–320

27. Frank AU (2001) Tiers of ontology and consistency constraints in geographical information systems. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 15:667–678

    Article  Google Scholar 

28. Hasenohr P, Pinet F (2006) Modeling of a spatial DSS template in support to the Common agricultural policy. J decis syst 15:181–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

29. Hazarika S, Cohn A (2001) Qualitative Spatio-Temporal Continuity. In: Spatial Information Theory. p 92–107

30. Hwang S, Thill J-C (2005) Modeling Localities with Fuzzy Sets and GIS. In: Fuzzy Modeling with Spatial Information for Geographic Problems. p 71–104

31. Kang MA, Pinet F, Schneider M, Chanet JP, Vigier F (2004) How to design geographic database? Specific UML profile and spatial OCL applied to wireless Ad Hoc networks. In: 7th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE'2004), Heraklion, GRC, April 29-May 1 2004. p 289–299

32. Klasse Objecten (2005) OCL Tools and Services Web Site. In: <http://www.klasse.nl/ocl>

33. Kleppe A, Warmer J (2003) Object Constraint Language, the Getting your Models Ready for MDA. Addison-Wesley

34. Miliauskaite E, Nemuraite L (2005) Representation of Integrity Constraints in Conceptual Models. Information Technology and Control 34:355–365

    Google Scholar 

35. OMG (2007) Unified Modelling Language: OCL, version 2.0. OMG Specification In:

36. Parent C, Spaccapietra S, Zimanyi E (2006) Conceptual Modeling for Traditional and Spatio-temporal Applications. Springer

37. Pinet F, Duboisset M, Demuth B, Schneider M, Soulignac V, Barnabe F (2009) Constraints modeling in Agricultural Databases. In: Advances in Modeling Agricultural Systems. Springer

38. Pinet F, Duboisset M, Soulignac V (2007) Using UML and OCL to maintain the consistency of spatial data in environmental information systems. Environ Model Softw 22:1217–1220

    Article  Google Scholar 

39. Raffaeta A, Ceccarelli T, Centeno D, Giannotti F, Massolo A, Parent C, Renso C, Spaccapietra S, Turini F (2008) An application of advanced spatio-temporal formalisms to behavioural ecology. GeoInformatica 12:37–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

40. Randell DA, Cohn AG (1989) Modelling topological and metrical properties of physical processes. In: 1st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR’89). p 357–368

41. Reis R, Egenhofer MJ, Matos J (2006) Topological relations using two models of uncertainty for lines. In: 7th international Symposium on Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, 5–7 July, Lisbon, Portugal. p 286–295

42. Salehi M, Bédard Y, Mir AM, Brodeur J (2007) On Languages for the Specification on Integrity Constraints in Spatial Conceptual Models, Semantic and Conceptual Issues in GISs (SeCoGIS), November 05–09. Auckland, New Zealand

    Google Scholar 

43. Servigne S, Ubeda T, Puricelli A, Laurini R (2000) A methodology for spatial consistency improvement of geographic databases. GeoInformatica 4:7–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

44. Souris M (2006) Contraintes d’intégrité spatiales. In: Devillers R, Jeansoulin R (eds) Qualité de l’information géographique. Lavoisier, p 100–123

45. Tang T (2004) Spatial object modeling in fuzzy topological spaces: with applications to land cover change. University of Twente

46. Warmer J, Kleppe A (1999) The Object Constraint Language Precise Modeling with UML. Addison-Wesley

Download references