73Accesses
17Citations
3Altmetric
Abstract
A major difficulty in achieving high-bit-rate wireless transmission is the large delay spread which severely limits the maximum data rate. In this paper, techniques are presented for overcoming these transmissionrate limits. Specifically, the performances of multicarrier modems and a single-carrier modem with equalization are characterized in terms of the efficiency (or achievable bit rate) versus outage, under a wide range of conditions and parameters.
For the multicarrier approach, the extensive set of performance results indicate the following: for QPSK, in a typical office-building environment (rms delay spreads of 50–100 ns), if the subchannel symbol rate is limited to 1 Mbaud,and provided there is sufficient power, an efficiency of 1–1.2 b/s/Hz can be achieved with 99% availability (1% outage) with either the multitone or the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing realizations. With 16 subchannels this corresponds to at least 16 Mb/s. To achieve higher data rates (for example, 155 Mb/s), or where there are larger delay spreads (for example, in outdoor microcells), more subchannels can be used, if practical. Otherwise, equalization can be combined with wider subchannels and/or sophisticated antenna techniques.
Link-budget calculations, also presented here, show how transmitted power can be a limiting factor in transmission bit rate. In particular, for 20 MHz of bandwidth and a frequency of 5 GHz or less, a transmitted power of 100 mW to 1 W should be sufficient to accommodate 30–50 m cells with good performance (for example, bit error probability of 10−8 and 1% outage). However, for larger bandwidths (for example, 100–200 MHz), the frequency must be higher (for example, 20 GHz) and the distance will be severely limited, possibly to a single room.
This is a preview of subscription content,log in via an institution to check access.
Access this article
Subscribe and save
- Get 10 units per month
- Download Article/Chapter or eBook
- 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
- Cancel anytime
Buy Now
Price includes VAT (Japan)
Instant access to the full article PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. C.-I. Chuang, “The effects of time delay spread on portable radio communications channels with digital modulation”, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., Vol. SAC-5, No. 5, pp. 879–889, 1987.
W. C. Jakes, Jr., Ed., Microwave Mobile Communications, Wiley, 1974.
A. A. M. Saleh, A. J. Rustako, Jr., and R. S. Roman, “Distributed antennas for indoor radio communications”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. COM-35, No. 12, pp. 1245–1251, 1987.
P. F. Driessen, “Measured performance of 19-GHz 622-Mb/s (BPSK) and 1.244-Gb/s (QPSK) indoor radio links”, IEEE Trans. Commun., accepted for publication.
M. L. Doelz, E. T. Heald, and D. L. Martin, “Binary data transmission techniques for linear systems”, Proc. IRE, Vol. 45, pp. 656–661, 1957.
M. S. Zimmerman and A. L. Kirsch, “The AN/GCS-10 (KATHRYN) variable rate data modem for HF radio”, IEEE Trans. Commun. Technol., Vol. COM-15, No. 2, pp. 197–205, 1967.
R. W. Chang, “Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing”, U.S. Patent 3,488,445, filed November 14, 1966, issued January 6, 1970.
S. B. Weinstein and P. M. Ebert, “Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform”, IEEE Trans. Commun. Technol., Vol. COM-19, No. 5, pp. 628–634, 1971.
L. J. Cimini, Jr., “Analysis and simulation of a digital mobile channel using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing”, IEEE Trans, on Commun., Vol. COM-33, No. 7, pp. 665–675, 1985.
M. Alard and R. Lassalle, “Principles of modulation and channel coding for digital broadcasting for mobile receivers”, EBU Technical Review, No. 224, pp. 168–190, 1987.
J. A. C. Bingham, “Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: An idea whose time has come”, IEEE Commun. Mag., Vol. 28, No. 5, pp. 5–14, 1990.
K. Sistanizadeh, P. S. Chow, and J. M. Cioffi, “Multitone transmission for asymmetric digital subscriber lines (ADSL)”, Proc. ICC'93, pp. 756–760, 1993.
J. G. Proakis, Digital Communications, second ed., McGraw-Hill, 1989.
R. A. Valenzuela, “Performance of quadrature amplitude modulation for indoor radio communications”, IEEE Trans. on Commun., Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 1236–1238, 1989.
A. A. M. Saleh and L. J. Cimini, Jr., “Indoor radio communications using time-division multiple access with cyclical slow frequency hopping and coding”, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 59–70, 1989.
I. Kalet, “The multitone channel”, IEEE Trans. on Commun., Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 119–124, 1989.
G. J. Foschini and J. Salz, “Digital communications over fading radio channels”, Bell Syst. Techn. J., Vol. 62, 1983, pp. 429–456.
G. Yang and K. Pahlavan, “Comparative performance evaluation of sector antenna and DFE systems in indoor radio channels”, Proc. ICC'92, pp. 1227–1231, 1992.
T. Pollet, M. Van Bladel, and M. Moeneclaey, “BER sensitivity of OFDM systems to carrier frequency offset and Wiener phase noise”, IEEE Trans, on Commun., Vol.43, No. 2–4, pp. 191–193, 1995.
F. Classen and H. Meyer, “Frequency synchronization algorithms for OFDM systems suitable for communication over frequency selective fading channels”, Proc. VTC'94, pp. 1655–1659, 1994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
AT&T Bell Laboratories, 791 Holmdel-Keyport Rd., 07733-400, Holmdel, NJ, USA
Leonard J. Cimini Jr.
- Leonard J. Cimini Jr.
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cimini, L.J. Performance studies for high-speed indoor wireless communications.Wireless Pers Commun2, 67–85 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01099530
Issue Date:
Share this article
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative