Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

An Autoethnographic Study of HCI Effort Estimation in Outsourced Software Development

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series:Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 8742))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

A fair amount of literature has been published concerning the gaps between HCI and software engineering. However, most of it tends to look at the effects of these gaps rather than their causes. We argue that the use of autoethnographic methods would help us in identifying the root causes of these gaps and can bring us closer to finding potential solutions. In this paper, we focus on issues associated with effort estimation for HCI activities in three projects in three typical engagement models for outsourced software development projects in a mainstream IT company in India, namely Fixed Price model, Mixed model, and Time & Material model. We found that the HCI practitioner needs to negotiate her position with several members of the team, both within the vendor and client organisations. At times, a foot-in-the-door project turns out to be a foot-in-the-mouth project. At other times, it leads to inefficiencies and imbalance of work load. The autoethnographic approach led to reflexive thinking by the HCI practitioner, helping her to develop a deeper understanding of all aspects of a problem, and bringing her closer to potential solutions in some cases. The paper also brings to light several aspects of autoethnography as a method, which can influence effort estimation of HCI activities for future projects.

Similar content being viewed by others

Keywords

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

References

  1. Seffah, M.C.: HCI, usability and software engineering integration: present and future, pp. 37–57. Springer (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Abran, Bourque, P.: SWEBOK: Guide to the software engineering Body of Knowledge. IEEE Computer Society (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Doerr, J., Opdahl, A.L.: Foundation for Software Quality

    Google Scholar 

  4. NASSCOM, The IT-BPM Sector in India: Strategic Review 2013 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Majid, R.A., Noor, N.L.M., Adnan, W.A.W.: Strengthening the HCI Approaches in the Software Development Process. Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Jerome, A., Kazman, R.: Surveying the Solitudes: An Investigation into the Relationships between Human Computer Interaction and Software Engineering in Practice. In: Seffah, A., Gulliksen, J., Desmarais, M.C. (eds.) Human-Centered Software Engineering - Integrating Usability in the Software Development Lifecycle. Springer (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Rönkkö, K.: Making methods work in software engineering: Method deployment-as a social achievement (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Rönkkö, K., Winter, J., Hellman, M.: Reporting user experience through usability within the telecommunications industry. In Proceedings of the 2008 International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Joshi, N.: Integration of Human-Computer Interaction Activities in Software Engineering for Usability Goals Achievement. IIT Bombay (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fischer, H.: Integrating usability engineering in the software development lifecycle based on international standards. In: Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dupuy-Chessa, S., Mandran, N., Godet-Bar, G., Rieu, D.: A case study for improving a collaborative design process. In: Ralyté, J., Mirbel, I., Deneckère, R. (eds.) ME 2011. IFIP AICT, vol. 351, pp. 97–101. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Leonardi, C., Sabatucci, L., Susi, A., Zancanaro, M.: Design as intercultural dialogue: Coupling human-centered design with requirement engineering methods. In: Campos, P., Graham, N., Jorge, J., Nunes, N., Palanque, P., Winckler, M. (eds.) INTERACT 2011, Part III. LNCS, vol. 6948, pp. 485–502. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Al-Ani, B., Trainer, E., Ripley, R., Sarma, A., Van Der Hoek, A., Redmiles, D.: Continuous coordination within the context of cooperative and human aspects of software engineering. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Memmel, T., Gundelsweiler, F., Reiterer, H.: CRUISER: A Cross-Discipline User Interface and Software Engineering Lifecycle. In: Jacko, J.A. (ed.) HCI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4550, pp. 174–183. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Sousa, K.S., Furtado, E.: An approach to integrate HCI and SE in requirements engineering. In: Proc. of Interact 2003 Workshop on Closing the Gaps: Software Engineering and Human-Computer Interaction (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gajendar, U., Johnson, C.: The inmates are still running the asylum: How to share a design vision with engineers. In: Marcus, A. (ed.) HCII 2011 and DUXU 2011, Part II. LNCS, vol. 6770, pp. 276–282. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Nieters, J.E., Ivaturi, S., Dworman, G.: The internal consultancy model for strategic UXD relevance. In: CHI 2007 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Patton, J.: Hitting the target: adding interaction design to agile software development. In: OOPSLA 2002 Practitioners Reports (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gulliksen, J., Göransson, B., Boivie, I., Blomkvist, S., Persson, J., Cajander, Å.: Key principles for user-centred systems design. Behaviour and Information Technology 22(6), 397–409 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bowles, Box, J.: Undercover User Experience Design. Pearson Education (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Krug, S.: Rocket surgery made easy: The do-it-yourself guide to finding and fixing usability problems. New Riders (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Khalayli, N., Nyhus, S., Hamnes, K., Terum, T.: Persona based rapid usability kick-off. In: CHI 2007 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lin, L.-C., Lee, W.O.: UI toolkit for non-designers in the enterprise applications industry. In: CHI 2007 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Pressman, R.S.: Software Engineering - A Practitioner’s Approach, 7th edn. McGraw-Hill (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sommerville, I.: Software Engineering. International computer science series. Addison Wesley (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lee, R.Y.: Software Engineering- A Hands-On Approach. Atlantis Press (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Sommerville, Rodden, T., Sawyer, P., Bentley, R., Twidale, M.: Integrating ethnography into the requirements engineering process. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Seffah, A., Gulliksen, J., Desmarais, M.C.: Human-Centered Software Engineering-Integrating Usability in the Software Development Lifecycle, vol. 8. Springer (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Galman, S.C., Shane: The Lone Ethnographer - A Beginner’s Guide to Ethnography. AltaMira Press (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Atkinson, P., Coffey, A., Delamont, S., Lofland, J., Lofland, L. (eds.): Handbook of Ethnography. Sage Publications Ltd., London (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Madden, R.: Being Ethnographic - A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Ethnography. Sage (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  32. O’Reilly, K.: Key Concepts in Ethnography. Sage (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Geertz, C.: Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author. Stanford University Press (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ybema, S., Yanow, D., Wels, H., Kamsteeg, F.: Organizational Ethnography - Studying the Complexity of Everyday Life. Sage Publications (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Hammersley, M., Atkinson, P.: Ethnography: Principles in practice. Routledge (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kempster, S., Stewart, J., Parry, K.W.: Exploring co-produced autoethnography. Business Papers, p. 112 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Shapiro: The limits of ethnography: combining social sciences for CSCW. In: Proceedings of the 1994 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Davies, C.A.: Reflexive ethnography: A guide to researching selves and others. Routledge (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Reed-Danahay, D.E.: Auto/ethnography. Berg, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Hayano, D.M.: Auto-ethnography: Paradigms, problems, and prospects. Human Organization 38(1), 99–104 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Wall, S.: An autoethnography on learning about autoethnography. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 5(2), 146–160 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ellis, C., Adams, T.E., Bochner, A.P.: Autoethnography: an overview. In: Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, pp. 273–290 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  43. A Guide to the project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK Guide), 5th edn. Project Management Institute, Pennsylvania (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Joshi, Sarda, N., Tripathi, S.: Measuring effectiveness of HCI integration in software development processes. Journal of Systems and Software 83(11), 2045–2058 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Beyer, H., Holtzblatt, K., Baker, L.: An agile customer-centered method: Rapid contextual design. In: Zannier, C., Erdogmus, H., Lindstrom, L. (eds.) XP/Agile Universe 2004. LNCS, vol. 3134, pp. 50–59. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  46. Schon, D.A.: The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Garfinkel, H., Sacks, H.: On Formal Structures of Practical Actions In Theoretical Sociology: Perspectives and Developments. In: McKinney, J., Tiryakian, E. (eds.) Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York (1970)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tech Mahindra Ltd., India

    Shalaka Dighe

  2. IDC, IIT Bombay, India

    Anirudha Joshi

Authors
  1. Shalaka Dighe

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anirudha Joshi

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany

    Stefan Sauer

  2. KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

    Cristian Bogdan

  3. University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Peter Forbrig

  4. IRIT, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France

    Regina Bernhaupt

  5. ICS-IRIT, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France

    Marco Winckler

Rights and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing

About this paper

Cite this paper

Dighe, S., Joshi, A. (2014). An Autoethnographic Study of HCI Effort Estimation in Outsourced Software Development. In: Sauer, S., Bogdan, C., Forbrig, P., Bernhaupt, R., Winckler, M. (eds) Human-Centered Software Engineering. HCSE 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8742. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44811-3_2

Download citation

Publish with us


[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp