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Self-guided Knowledge-Injected Graph Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Diseases

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Abstract

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are proficient machine learning models in handling irregularly structured data. Nevertheless, their generic formulation falls short when applied to the analysis of brain connectomes in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), necessitating the incorporation of domain-specific knowledge to achieve optimal model performance. The integration of AD-related expertise into GNNs presents a significant challenge. Current methodologies reliant on manual design often demand substantial expertise from external domain specialists to guide the development of novel models, thereby consuming considerable time and resources. To mitigate the need for manual curation, this paper introduces a novel self-guided knowledge-infused multimodal GNN to autonomously integrate domain knowledge into the model development process. We propose to conceptualize existing domain knowledge as natural language, and devise a specialized multimodal GNN framework tailored to leverage this uncurated knowledge to direct the learning of the GNN submodule, thereby enhancing its efficacy and improving prediction interpretability. To assess the effectiveness of our framework, we compile a comprehensive literature dataset comprising recent peer-reviewed publications on AD. By integrating this literature dataset with several real-world AD datasets, our experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in extracting curated knowledge and offering explanations on graphs for domain-specific applications. Furthermore, our approach successfully utilizes the extracted information to enhance the performance of the GNN.

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Acknowledgments

This project was partially supported by the NSF (IIS 2045848 and IIS 2319450), the NIH (R01AG071243, R01MH125928, and U01AG068057), and the CCI Hub (HC-4Q24-059). It was supported by resources provided by the Office of Research Computing at George Mason University (URL:https://orc.gmu.edu) and funded in part by grants from the National Science Foundation (Award Number 2018631).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22032, USA

    Zhepeng Wang, Lei Yang & Weiwen Jiang

  2. GE Healthcare, Bellevue, WA, 98004, USA

    Runxue Bao

  3. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA

    Yawen Wu & Liang Zhan

  4. University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Guodong Liu

  5. Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, GD, China

    Feng Zheng

  6. William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23185, USA

    Yanfu Zhang

Authors
  1. Zhepeng Wang

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  2. Runxue Bao

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  3. Yawen Wu

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  4. Guodong Liu

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  5. Lei Yang

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  6. Liang Zhan

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  7. Feng Zheng

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  8. Weiwen Jiang

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  9. Yanfu Zhang

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Corresponding author

Correspondence toYanfu Zhang.

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s National Hospital/George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Marius George Linguraru

  2. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Qi Dou

  3. Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark

    Aasa Feragen

  4. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Stamatia Giannarou

  5. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Ben Glocker

  6. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Karim Lekadir

  7. Helmholtz Munich, Technical University of Munich and King’s College London, Munich, Germany

    Julia A. Schnabel

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The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

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Wang, Z.et al. (2024). Self-guided Knowledge-Injected Graph Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Diseases. In: Linguraru, M.G.,et al. Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2024. MICCAI 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15002. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72069-7_36

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