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Evaluation of the impact of lithium exploitation at the C57 mine (Gonçalo, Portugal) on water, soil and air quality

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Abstract

Concerns for the environment and sustainability are a priority to modern societies and one of the reasons for the emergence of movements against mining exploration. To avoid the opposition of local populations to mining activity, especially open-pit mining, there is a need to proceed with both best practices and technical knowledge that involve the local population and also carry out systematic environmental monitoring. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of C57 lithium mine exploration in the village of Gonçalo, district of Guarda, Portugal, on water, soil and atmospheric air quality. Determining the concentration of cations, anions, pH and conductivity for water and soil quality evaluation was performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy, ion chromatography and potentiometric methods. For the evaluation of atmospheric air quality, beta radiation absorption, chemiluminescence, UV absorption photometric and infrared radiation methods were used. The results lead to the conclusion that there is no evidence of soil and water quality degradation due to mine exploration. However, there is a perception of the existence of environmental impact on air quality, especially on nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10), although the emissions of air pollutants are below the limits established by Portuguese legislation.

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Fig. 1

Adapted from Roda-Robles et al. (2016)

Fig. 2

Adapted from Farinha Ramos (2007) and Roda-Robles et al. (2016)

Fig. 3

(Adapted from Antão2004)

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial supported of Project number 023720 (AAC/02/SAICT/2016)—A geologia como base da qualidade de vida. A sustentabilidade do lítio na povoação de Gonçalo—Guarda. Project co-financed by Lisboa 2020, Centro 2020, Portugal 2020 da EU (FEDER) (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-023720) and by national funds from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT). The authors would also like to thank Samuel Walter Best, at the Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, for his assistance in the linguistic correction of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Technology and Management, Guarda Polytechnic Institute, Av. Dr Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6301-559, Guarda, Portugal

    Pedro M. S. M. Rodrigues, Ana Maria M. C. Antão & Ricardo Rodrigues

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  1. Pedro M. S. M. Rodrigues
  2. Ana Maria M. C. Antão
  3. Ricardo Rodrigues

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Correspondence toPedro M. S. M. Rodrigues.

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Rodrigues, P.M.S.M., Antão, A.M.M.C. & Rodrigues, R. Evaluation of the impact of lithium exploitation at the C57 mine (Gonçalo, Portugal) on water, soil and air quality.Environ Earth Sci78, 533 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8541-4

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