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The Skeleton of the Manus ofScelidotherium (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) Specimens from the Pleistocene of the Province of Córdoba, Argentina, and its Systematic Implications

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Abstract

Dental and craniomandibular data have been predominantly used to infer relationships among mylodontid ground sloths. Recent studies indicate the osteology of the manus also provides useful data to test phylogenetic relationships in mylodontine mylodontids. Here we provide new comparative data from the study of the manus of a member of the Scelidotheriinae,Scelidotherium Owen, 1839, based on specimens from the Province of Córdoba that provide information on the variation and systematic relationships of the genus. TheScelidotherium material from the Province of Córdoba in central Argentina presents several morphological differences with material of the genus from northwestern Argentina. The manus ofScelidotherium shares several traits withCatonyx Ameghino, 1891, but not withValgipes Gervais, 1874. These include: trapezoid with a sharp ridge on the articular surface for metacarpal II; magnum with at least half of articular surface for metacarpal II located on the dorsal half of the medial and distal aspects of the bone; metacarpal II with a notch on the axial border of its distal articular surface; and ungual process of the distal phalanx of the second digit markedly dorsopalmarly flattened. A phylogenetic analysis that includes osteological characters of the manus indicates that within the family Scelidotheriinae,Scelidotherium is more closely related toCatonyx than toValgipes orProscelidodon gracillimus Rovereto, 1914.

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Acknowledgments

We thank R. Leguizamón, D. Álvarez, and J. Di Ronco for the fieldwork and preparation of CORD PZ 4586, K. L. Hansen for information on Lund’s collection in Copenhagen, M. Sosa for the drawings, and D. Peters for help with the English style. We thank F. Pujos, E. Amson, and two anonymous reviewers for comments to previous versions of this manuscript that helped improve its quality. We thank the Willi Hennig Society for the free availability of the phylogenetic inference software TNT, CONICET for the postdoctoral fellowship to J. A. H., and the doctoral fellowships to G. L. N. and J. M. K. Funding for this research was provided by the SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba grant 05/I780 to A.A.T.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

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SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba grant 05/I780 to A.A.T.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología Básica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA, Córdoba, Province of Córdoba, Argentina

    Gastón L. Nieto, J. Augusto Haro, Adan A. Tauber, Jerónimo M. Krapovickas, Maximiliano N. Fabianelli & Federico M. Rosas

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Gastón L. Nieto, J. Augusto Haro & Ángel R. Miño-Boilini

  3. Bureau of Land Management, Colorado State Office, 2850 Youngfield Street, Lakewood, CO, 80215, USA

    H. Gregory McDonald

  4. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Ruta 5. km, 2,5, 3400, Corrientes, Province of Corrientes, Argentina

    Ángel R. Miño-Boilini

  5. Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales “Dr. Arturo Umberto Illía”, Poeta Lugones 395, X5000HZD, Córdoba, Province of Córdoba, Argentina

    Adan A. Tauber & Jerónimo M. Krapovickas

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  1. Gastón L. Nieto

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  2. J. Augusto Haro

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  3. H. Gregory McDonald

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  4. Ángel R. Miño-Boilini

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  5. Adan A. Tauber

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  7. Maximiliano N. Fabianelli

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  8. Federico M. Rosas

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Contributions

G.L.N. and J.A.H. conceived and designed the project. A.A. T. and J.M.K. found and prepared the fossil material ofScelidotherium. G.L.N, J.A.H., A.R.M-B., and H.G.M. collected theScelidotherium data. G.L.N and J.A.H. analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript. M.N.F. and F.M.R. photographed the materials. J.A.H. made all figures, tables, and supplementary files. All authors edited the manuscript and gave final approval for publication.

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Correspondence toJ. Augusto Haro.

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Nieto, G.L., Haro, J.A., McDonald, H.G.et al. The Skeleton of the Manus ofScelidotherium (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) Specimens from the Pleistocene of the Province of Córdoba, Argentina, and its Systematic Implications.J Mammal Evol28, 221–243 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-020-09520-x

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