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Abstract
A comparative analysis was made on hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress indices in male spiny eel fish (Mastacembelus armatus) collected from two main rivers, the Haora and the Gomati Rivers of Tripura, a State of Northeast India, in relation to certain physiochemical properties of the waterbodies. It was revealed that total count of RBC, hematocrit, Hb, MCV and MCHC were significantly low in the Haora River fish samples. Significant differences in the biochemical variables were noted regarding tissue energy metabolism such as blood glucose level, liver and muscle glycogen contents, pyruvic acid level, free amino acid nitrogen, transaminase enzyme activities, tissue and serum protein contents, liver glucose 6-phosphatase activity and TCA cycle enzyme activities such as MDH, SDH and IDH. The water quality of the rivers was assessed in terms of pH, turbidity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness and heavy metal/metalloid concentration such as lead, cadmium, chromium and arsenic, which revealed that the Haora River was more polluted than the Gomati River. These might be involved in deterioration of body’s antioxidant defense system of the Eel fish of Haora River, as evidenced by depletion of tissue glutathione content, elevation of lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in the tissue samples of the studied fish. These suggested that poor water quality of the Haora River was supposed to be an important causative factor for more adverse toxicological effect on the spiny eel fish of that river.
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Abbreviations
- RBC:
Red blood cell
- Hb:
Hemoglobin
- MCV:
Mean corpuscular volume
- MCHC:
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
- TCA cycle:
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
- MDH:
Malate dehydrogenase
- SDH:
Succinate dehydrogenase
- IDH:
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
- BOD:
Biochemical oxygen demand
- COD:
Chemical oxygen demand
- SOD:
Superoxide dismutase
- GR:
Glutathione reductase
- GPx:
Glutathione peroxidase
- GSH:
Reduced glutathione
- LPO:
Lipid peroxidation
- GOT:
Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase
- GPT:
Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase
- TDS:
Total dissolved solids
- TSS:
Total suspended solids
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Acknowledgements
The author acknowledges the Pollution Control Board of Tripura for providing the infrastructure for determination of heavy metal contents in the fish tissue samples. The author acknowledges Professor Priyashankar Choudhury, department of Zoology, Tripura University, for his kind help in identification of the fish. The author acknowledges Dr. Surochita Basu, Assistant Professor of the department of Botany, Tripura University, for her assistance in crosschecking of the grammatical mistakes. The author further acknowledges the Head of the Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, for providing infrastructural facility to carry out the present work. The author is thankful to Mr. Ujjwal Dhanuk and the local fishermen for their active support in collection of fish from the rivers.
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Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India
Sudipta Pal
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Pal, S. A comparative study on hematological, bioenergetics and oxidative stress indices of fresh water male spiny eel fish (Mastacembelus armatus) collected from the Haora and Gomati Rivers of Tripura, Northeast India in relation to heavy metal contamination.Comp Clin Pathol31, 265–280 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-022-03330-8
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