Part of the book series:Fundamental Theories of Physics ((FTPH,volume 177))
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Abstract
It has for long been an article of faith among astrophysicists that black hole spin energy is responsible for powering the relativistic jets seen in accreting black holes. Two recent advances have strengthened the case. First, numerical general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accreting spinning black holes show that relativistic jets form spontaneously. In at least some cases, there is unambiguous evidence that much of the jet energy comes from the black hole, not the disk. Second, spin parameters of a number of accreting stellar-mass black holes have been measured. For ballistic jets from these systems, it is found that the radio luminosity of the jet correlates with the spin of the black hole. This suggests a causal relationship between black hole spin and jet power, presumably due to a generalized Penrose process.
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- 1.
Penrose considered a simple model in which particles on negative energy orbits fall into a spinning BH. Wagh and Dadhich [12] extended the analysis to discrete particle accretion in the presence of a magnetic field, which introduces additional interesting effects. We do not discuss these particle-based mechanisms, but focus purely on fluid dynamical processes within the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) approximation. We also do not discuss an ongoing controversy on whether or not different mechanisms based on magnetized fluids differ from one another [6].
- 2.
In the case of a fifth transient BH, 4U1543-47, radio observations did not include the peak of the light curve, so one could only deduce a lower limit to the jet power, which is shown as an open circle in Fig. 4a.
- 3.
The two scalings agree for small values of\(a_*\), but differ as\(a_*\rightarrow 1\).
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Authors and Affiliations
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
Ramesh Narayan & Jeffrey E. McClintock
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
Alexander Tchekhovskoy
- Ramesh Narayan
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- Jeffrey E. McClintock
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Correspondence toRamesh Narayan.
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Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praha 8, Czech Republic
Jiří Bičák
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praha 8, Czech Republic
Tomáš Ledvinka
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Narayan, R., McClintock, J.E., Tchekhovskoy, A. (2014). Energy Extraction from Spinning Black Holes Via Relativistic Jets. In: Bičák, J., Ledvinka, T. (eds) General Relativity, Cosmology and Astrophysics. Fundamental Theories of Physics, vol 177. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06349-2_25
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