- Ana Y. Simão3 na1,
- Mónica Antunes3 na1,
- Hernâni Marques3 na1,
- Tiago Rosado3 na1,
- Sofia Soares3 na1,
- Joana Gonçalves3 na1,
- Mário Barroso4 na1 &
- …
- Eugenia Gallardo3 na1
422Accesses
1Citation
Abstract
Amphetamine was synthesized in the mid-nineteenth century, and an enormous number of derivatives have appeared ever since, being the consumption of these compounds a serious public health problem. While they have very little therapeutic utility, the main concern today by authorities is the clandestine manufacture and sale, and these substances are subject to control worldwide. Being stimulating agents of the CNS, they cause tachycardia and hypertension with feelings of greater confidence, energy, and sociability. They further cause insomnia and suppress both fatigue and appetite. This chapter will address the main public health problems associated with the use of amphetamines and the importance of monitoring them in the different biological samples. In addition, the techniques available in laboratories to adequately respond and help authorities and public health agents in the control of these substances will also be discussed.
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- ADHD:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- ATS:
Amphetamine-type stimulants
- DBS:
Dried blood spot
- DLLME:
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
- DUID:
Driving under the influence of drugs
- EI:
Electron impact ionization
- ELISA:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- ESI:
Electrospray ionization
- GC-MS:
Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
- HPLC-UV:
High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detector
- LC-MS:
Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
- LLE:
Liquid-liquid extraction
- LOD:
Limits of detection
- LOQ:
Limits of quantification
- MEPS:
Microextraction by packed sorbent
- MS/MS:
Tandem mass spectrometry
- SALLE:
Salting-out liquid-liquid extraction
- SPE:
Solid-phase extraction
- SPME:
Solid-phase microextraction
- SUPRAS:
Supramolecular solvents
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Ana Y. Simão, Mónica Antunes, Hernâni Marques, Tiago Rosado, Sofia Soares and Joana Gonçalves contributed equally with all other contributors.
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Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
Ana Y. Simão, Mónica Antunes, Hernâni Marques, Tiago Rosado, Sofia Soares, Joana Gonçalves & Eugenia Gallardo
Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, I.P., Delegação Sul, Lisbon, Portugal
Mário Barroso
- Ana Y. Simão
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- Mónica Antunes
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- Hernâni Marques
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- Sofia Soares
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- Joana Gonçalves
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School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy
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Simão, A.Y.et al. (2022). Amphetamine in Biological Specimens: Impact and Implications for Public Health. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92392-1_104
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