1982Accesses
2Citations
Definition
The most common presentation of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is recurrent depressive episodes in winter followed by spring remission (Rosenthal et al.1984). SAD is diagnosed according to the American Psychiatric Association not as a separate disorder, but rather as a course specifier to describe the pattern of depressive episodes in patients meeting criteria for major depressive disorder, or bipolar I or II disorder (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR] 2000). Criteria for the seasonal specifier include (1) recurrence of major depressive episodes at a specific time of year; (2) full remission (or change to mania/hypomania) from depression also recurring at a specific time of year; (3) at least two major depressive episodes meeting criteria 1 and 2 within the last 2 years, with no occurrence of nonseasonal depression within the same period; and (4) experiencing a...
This is a preview of subscription content,log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Subscribe and save
- Starting from 10 chapters or articles per month
- Access and download chapters and articles from more than 300k books and 2,500 journals
- Cancel anytime
Buy Now
- Chapter
- JPY 3498
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
- eBook
- JPY 214499
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
- Hardcover Book
- JPY 214499
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References and Further Readings
American Psychiatric Association. (2000).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th). Washington, DC: Author.
Hebert, M., Dumont, M., & Lachapelle, P. (2002). Electrophysiological evidence suggesting a seasonal modulation of retinal sensitivity in subsyndromal winter depression.Journal of Affective Disorders, 68(2–3), 191–202.
Kasper, S., Wehr, T. A., Bartko, J. J., Gaist, P. A., & Rosenthal, N. E. (1989). Epidemiological findings of seasonal changes in mood and behavior. A telephone survey of Montgomery County, Maryland.Archives of General Psychiatry, 46(9), 823–833.
Lam, R. W., & Levitt, A. J. (Eds.). (1999).Clinical guidelines for the treatment of seasonal affective disorder. Vancouver: Clinical & Academic.
Lewy, A. J., Sack, R. L., Miller, L. S., & Hoban, T. M. (1987). Antidepressant and circadian phase-shifting effects of light.Science, 235(4786), 352–354.
Magnusson, A., & Partonen, T. (2005). The diagnosis, symptomatology, and epidemiology of seasonal affective disorder.CNS Spectrums, 10(8), 625–634.
Modell, J. G., Rosenthal, N. E., Harriett, A. E., Krishen, A., Asgharian, A., Foster, V. J., et al. (2005). Seasonal affective disorder and its prevention by anticipatory treatment with bupropion XL.Biological Psychiatry, 58(8), 658–667.
Roecklein, K. A., Rohan, K. J., & Postolache, T. T. (2010). SAD: Is seasonal affective disorder a bipolar variant?Current Psychiatry, 9(2), 42–54.
Rohan, K. J., Roecklein, K. A., & Haaga, D. A. F. (2009). Biological and psychological mechanisms of seasonal affective disorder: A review and integration.Current Psychiatry Reviews, 5(1), 37–47.
Rohan, K. J., Tierney Lindsey, K., Roecklein, K. A., & Lacy, T. J. (2004). Cognitive-behavioral therapy, light therapy, and their combination in treating seasonal affective disorder.Journal of Affective Disorders, 80, 273–283.
Rosen, L. N., Targum, S., Terman, M., Bryant, M., Hoffman, H., Kasper, S., et al. (1990). Prevalence of seasonal affective disorder at four latitudes.Psychiatry Research, 31(2), 131–144.
Rosenthal, N. E., Sack, D. A., Gillin, J. C., Lewy, A. J., Goodwin, F. K., & Davenport, Y. (1984). Seasonal affective disorder. A description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy.Archives of General Psychiatry, 41(1), 72–80.
Rosenthal, N. E., Sack, D., James, S., Parry, B., Mendelson, W., Tamarkin, L., et al. (1985). Seasonal affective disorder and phototherapy.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 453, 260–269.
Sohn, C. H., & Lam, R. W. (2005). Update on the biology of seasonal affective disorder.CNS Spectrums, 10(8), 635–646.
Wehr, T. A., Duncan, W. C., Jr., Sher, L., Aeschbach, D., Schwartz, P. J., Turner, E. H., et al. (2001). A circadian signal of change of season in patients with seasonal affective disorder.Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(12), 1108–1114.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Kathryn A. Roecklein & Patricia M. Wong
- Kathryn A. Roecklein
Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar
- Patricia M. Wong
Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar
Corresponding author
Correspondence toKathryn A. Roecklein.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Behavioral Medicine Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Marc D. Gellman
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Roecklein, K.A., Wong, P.M. (2020). Seasonal Affective Disorder. In: Gellman, M.D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_836
Download citation
Published:
Publisher Name:Springer, Cham
Print ISBN:978-3-030-39901-6
Online ISBN:978-3-030-39903-0
eBook Packages:MedicineReference Module Medicine
Share this entry
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative