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Human Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1)

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Abstract

Macrophage accumulation is one of the histological characteristics of delayedype hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions, chronic inflammation, and certain kinds of tumors. Although the mechanisms of macrophage infiltration into the reaction sites are not fully understood, involvement of macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors produced at the reaction sites appear to be important. Those chemotactic factors can be separated into two groups; one is serum protein-derived, the other is cell-derived. A chemotactic factor that may account for massive macrophage infiltration into DTH reaction sites is lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor (LDCF), which is produced in various species by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated spleen cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (1). Tumor cell-derived chemoattractants with similar physico-chemical characteristics have also been described, but have not been purified (2,3). On the other hand, several cytokines that were identified and purified based on their biological activities other than chemotactic activity have been reported to be chemotactic for leukocytes (4–8). Interleukin 1 was among those (4). In 1987, we succeeded in separating neutrophil chemotactic activity from IL-1 activity in the culture supernatant of LPS-stimulated human PBMC (9), and then purified the protein (10). It was initially termed monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF), and is now called neutrophil attractant/activation protein-1 (NAP-1). In the same supernatant we also found monocyte chemotactic activity (MCA). However, we were unable to purify the protein because of the limited supply of the supernatant. Fortunately, human malignant glioma cell lines were found to produce large amounts of MCA, with physico-chemical characteristics very similar to those of mitogen-stimulated PBMC-derived MCA (11). This discovery made it possible to purify, sequence, and clone the protein, which we call monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA

    Teizo Yoshimura & Edward J. Leonard

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  1. Teizo Yoshimura

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  2. Edward J. Leonard

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Bath, Avon, UK

    J. Westwick

  2. Sandoz Research Institute, Vienna, Austria

    I. J. D. Lindley

  3. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    S. L. Kunkel

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Yoshimura, T., Leonard, E.J. (1991). Human Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1). In: Westwick, J., Lindley, I.J.D., Kunkel, S.L. (eds) Chemotactic Cytokines. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 305. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6009-4_6

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