16.Generic Operating System Services¶
The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating systemfeatures that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files anda clock. The interfaces are generally modeled after the Unix or C interfaces,but they are available on most other systems as well. Here’s an overview:
- 16.1.
os— Miscellaneous operating system interfaces- 16.1.1. File Names, Command Line Arguments, and Environment Variables
- 16.1.2. Process Parameters
- 16.1.3. File Object Creation
- 16.1.4. File Descriptor Operations
- 16.1.5. Files and Directories
- 16.1.6. Process Management
- 16.1.7. Interface to the scheduler
- 16.1.8. Miscellaneous System Information
- 16.1.9. Random numbers
- 16.2.
io— Core tools for working with streams - 16.3.
time— Time access and conversions - 16.4.
argparse— Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands - 16.5.
getopt— C-style parser for command line options - 16.6.
logging— Logging facility for Python- 16.6.1. Logger Objects
- 16.6.2. Logging Levels
- 16.6.3. Handler Objects
- 16.6.4. Formatter Objects
- 16.6.5. Filter Objects
- 16.6.6. LogRecord Objects
- 16.6.7. LogRecord attributes
- 16.6.8. LoggerAdapter Objects
- 16.6.9. Thread Safety
- 16.6.10. Module-Level Functions
- 16.6.11. Module-Level Attributes
- 16.6.12. Integration with the warnings module
- 16.7.
logging.config— Logging configuration - 16.8.
logging.handlers— Logging handlers- 16.8.1. StreamHandler
- 16.8.2. FileHandler
- 16.8.3. NullHandler
- 16.8.4. WatchedFileHandler
- 16.8.5. BaseRotatingHandler
- 16.8.6. RotatingFileHandler
- 16.8.7. TimedRotatingFileHandler
- 16.8.8. SocketHandler
- 16.8.9. DatagramHandler
- 16.8.10. SysLogHandler
- 16.8.11. NTEventLogHandler
- 16.8.12. SMTPHandler
- 16.8.13. MemoryHandler
- 16.8.14. HTTPHandler
- 16.8.15. QueueHandler
- 16.8.16. QueueListener
- 16.9.
getpass— Portable password input - 16.10.
curses— Terminal handling for character-cell displays - 16.11.
curses.textpad— Text input widget for curses programs - 16.12.
curses.ascii— Utilities for ASCII characters - 16.13.
curses.panel— A panel stack extension for curses - 16.14.
platform— Access to underlying platform’s identifying data - 16.15.
errno— Standard errno system symbols - 16.16.
ctypes— A foreign function library for Python- 16.16.1. ctypes tutorial
- 16.16.1.1. Loading dynamic link libraries
- 16.16.1.2. Accessing functions from loaded dlls
- 16.16.1.3. Calling functions
- 16.16.1.4. Fundamental data types
- 16.16.1.5. Calling functions, continued
- 16.16.1.6. Calling functions with your own custom data types
- 16.16.1.7. Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes)
- 16.16.1.8. Return types
- 16.16.1.9. Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference)
- 16.16.1.10. Structures and unions
- 16.16.1.11. Structure/union alignment and byte order
- 16.16.1.12. Bit fields in structures and unions
- 16.16.1.13. Arrays
- 16.16.1.14. Pointers
- 16.16.1.15. Type conversions
- 16.16.1.16. Incomplete Types
- 16.16.1.17. Callback functions
- 16.16.1.18. Accessing values exported from dlls
- 16.16.1.19. Surprises
- 16.16.1.20. Variable-sized data types
- 16.16.2. ctypes reference
- 16.16.1. ctypes tutorial