Pending Removal in Python 3.14¶

• argparse: Thetype,choices, andmetavar parametersofargparse.BooleanOptionalAction are deprecatedand will be removed in 3.14.(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev ingh-92248.)

• ast: The following features have been deprecated in documentationsince Python 3.8, now cause aDeprecationWarning to be emitted atruntime when they are accessed or used, and will be removed in Python 3.14:

  • ast.Num

  • ast.Str

  • ast.Bytes

  • ast.NameConstant

  • ast.Ellipsis

  Useast.Constant instead.(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka ingh-90953.)

• asyncio:

  • The child watcher classesMultiLoopChildWatcher,FastChildWatcher,AbstractChildWatcherandSafeChildWatcher are deprecated andwill be removed in Python 3.14.(Contributed by Kumar Aditya ingh-94597.)

  • asyncio.set_child_watcher(),asyncio.get_child_watcher(),asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.set_child_watcher() andasyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.get_child_watcher() are deprecatedand will be removed in Python 3.14.(Contributed by Kumar Aditya ingh-94597.)

  • Theget_event_loop() method of thedefault event loop policy now emits aDeprecationWarning if thereis no current event loop set and it decides to create one.(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka and Guido van Rossum ingh-100160.)

• builtins:bool(NotImplemented) now emits aDeprecationWarningand will raise aTypeError in Python 3.14.(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra ingh-118767.)

• email: Deprecated theisdst parameter inemail.utils.localtime().(Contributed by Alan Williams ingh-72346.)

• importlib.abc deprecated classes:

  • importlib.abc.ResourceReader

  • importlib.abc.Traversable

  • importlib.abc.TraversableResources

  Useimportlib.resources.abc classes instead:

  • importlib.resources.abc.Traversable

  • importlib.resources.abc.TraversableResources

  (Contributed by Jason R. Coombs and Hugo van Kemenade ingh-93963.)

• itertools had undocumented, inefficient, historically buggy,and inconsistent support for copy, deepcopy, and pickle operations.This will be removed in 3.14 for a significant reduction in codevolume and maintenance burden.(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger ingh-101588.)

• multiprocessing: The default start method will change to a safer one onLinux, BSDs, and other non-macOS POSIX platforms where'fork' is currentlythe default (gh-84559). Adding a runtime warning about this was deemed toodisruptive as the majority of code is not expected to care. Use theget_context() orset_start_method() APIs to explicitly specify whenyour coderequires'fork'. SeeContexts and start methods.

• pathlib:is_relative_to() andrelative_to(): passing additional arguments isdeprecated.

• pkgutil:find_loader() andget_loader()now raiseDeprecationWarning;useimportlib.util.find_spec() instead.(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev ingh-97850.)

• pty:

  • master_open(): usepty.openpty().

  • slave_open(): usepty.openpty().

• sqlite3:

  • version andversion_info.

  • execute() andexecutemany()ifnamed placeholders are used andparameters is a sequence instead of adict.

• urllib:urllib.parse.Quoter is deprecated: it was not intended to be apublic API.(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith ingh-88168.)

Pending Removal in Python 3.15¶

• The import system:

  • Setting__cached__ on a module whilefailing to set__spec__.cachedis deprecated. In Python 3.15,__cached__ will cease to be set ortake into consideration by the import system or standard library. (gh-97879)

  • Setting__package__ on a module whilefailing to set__spec__.parentis deprecated. In Python 3.15,__package__ will cease to be set ortake into consideration by the import system or standard library. (gh-97879)

• ctypes:

  • The undocumentedctypes.SetPointerType() functionhas been deprecated since Python 3.13.

• http.server:

  • The obsolete and rarely usedCGIHTTPRequestHandlerhas been deprecated since Python 3.13.No direct replacement exists.Anything is better than CGI to interfacea web server with a request handler.

  • The--cgi flag to thepython -m http.servercommand-line interface has been deprecated since Python 3.13.

• importlib:

  • load_module() method: useexec_module() instead.

• locale:

  • Thegetdefaultlocale() functionhas been deprecated since Python 3.11.Its removal was originally planned for Python 3.13 (gh-90817),but has been postponed to Python 3.15.Usegetlocale(),setlocale(),andgetencoding() instead.(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade ingh-111187.)

• pathlib:

  • PurePath.is_reserved()has been deprecated since Python 3.13.Useos.path.isreserved() to detect reserved paths on Windows.

• platform:

  • java_ver() has been deprecated since Python 3.13.This function is only useful for Jython support, has a confusing API,and is largely untested.

• sysconfig:

  • Thecheck_home argument ofsysconfig.is_python_build() has beendeprecated since Python 3.12.

• threading:

  • RLock() will take no arguments in Python 3.15.Passing any arguments has been deprecated since Python 3.14,as the Python version does not permit any arguments,but the C version allows any number of positional or keyword arguments,ignoring every argument.

• types:

  • types.CodeType: Accessingco_lnotab wasdeprecated inPEP 626since 3.10 and was planned to be removed in 3.12,but it only got a properDeprecationWarning in 3.12.May be removed in 3.15.(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev ingh-101866.)

• typing:

  • The undocumented keyword argument syntax for creatingNamedTuple classes(e.g.Point=NamedTuple("Point",x=int,y=int))has been deprecated since Python 3.13.Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead.

  • When using the functional syntax ofTypedDicts, failingto pass a value to thefields parameter (TD=TypedDict("TD")) orpassingNone (TD=TypedDict("TD",None)) has been deprecatedsince Python 3.13.UseclassTD(TypedDict):pass orTD=TypedDict("TD",{})to create a TypedDict with zero field.

  • Thetyping.no_type_check_decorator() decorator functionhas been deprecated since Python 3.13.After eight years in thetyping module,it has yet to be supported by any major type checker.

• wave:

  • Thegetmark(),setmark(),andgetmarkers() methods oftheWave_read andWave_write classeshave been deprecated since Python 3.13.

Pending removal in Python 3.16¶

• The import system:

  • Setting__loader__ on a module whilefailing to set__spec__.loaderis deprecated. In Python 3.16,__loader__ will cease to be set ortaken into consideration by the import system or the standard library.

• array:

  • The'u' format code (wchar_t)has been deprecated in documentation since Python 3.3and at runtime since Python 3.13.Use the'w' format code (Py_UCS4)for Unicode characters instead.

• asyncio:

  • asyncio.iscoroutinefunction() is deprecatedand will be removed in Python 3.16,useinspect.iscoroutinefunction() instead.(Contributed by Jiahao Li and Kumar Aditya ingh-122875.)

• builtins:

  • Bitwise inversion on boolean types,~True or~Falsehas been deprecated since Python 3.12,as it produces surprising and unintuitive results (-2 and-1).Usenotx instead for the logical negation of a Boolean.In the rare case that you need the bitwise inversion ofthe underlying integer, convert toint explicitly (~int(x)).

• shutil:

  • TheExecError exceptionhas been deprecated since Python 3.14.It has not been used by any function inshutil since Python 3.4,and is now an alias ofRuntimeError.

• symtable:

  • TheClass.get_methods methodhas been deprecated since Python 3.14.

• sys:

  • The_enablelegacywindowsfsencoding() functionhas been deprecated since Python 3.13.Use thePYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING environment variable instead.

• tarfile:

  • The undocumented and unusedTarFile.tarfile attributehas been deprecated since Python 3.13.

Pending removal in Python 3.17¶

• collections.abc:

  • collections.abc.ByteString is scheduled for removal in Python 3.17.

    Useisinstance(obj,collections.abc.Buffer) to test ifobjimplements thebuffer protocol at runtime. For usein type annotations, either useBuffer or a unionthat explicitly specifies the types your code supports (e.g.,bytes|bytearray|memoryview).

    ByteString was originally intended to be an abstract class thatwould serve as a supertype of bothbytes andbytearray.However, since the ABC never had any methods, knowing that an object was aninstance ofByteString never actually told you anything usefulabout the object. Other common buffer types such asmemoryviewwere also never understood as subtypes ofByteString (either atruntime or by static type checkers).

    SeePEP 688 for more details.(Contributed by Shantanu Jain ingh-91896.)

• typing:

  • Before Python 3.14, old-style unions were implemented using the private classtyping._UnionGenericAlias. This class is no longer needed for the implementation,but it has been retained for backward compatibility, with removal scheduled for Python3.17. Users should use documented introspection helpers liketyping.get_origin()andtyping.get_args() instead of relying on private implementation details.

  • typing.ByteString, deprecated since Python 3.9, is scheduled for removal inPython 3.17.

    Useisinstance(obj,collections.abc.Buffer) to test ifobjimplements thebuffer protocol at runtime. For usein type annotations, either useBuffer or a unionthat explicitly specifies the types your code supports (e.g.,bytes|bytearray|memoryview).

    ByteString was originally intended to be an abstract class thatwould serve as a supertype of bothbytes andbytearray.However, since the ABC never had any methods, knowing that an object was aninstance ofByteString never actually told you anything usefulabout the object. Other common buffer types such asmemoryviewwere also never understood as subtypes ofByteString (either atruntime or by static type checkers).

    SeePEP 688 for more details.(Contributed by Shantanu Jain ingh-91896.)

Pending removal in Python 3.18¶

• decimal:

  • The non-standard and undocumentedDecimal formatspecifier'N', which is only supported in thedecimal module’sC implementation, has been deprecated since Python 3.13.(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka ingh-89902.)

Pending Removal in Future Versions¶

The following APIs will be removed in the future,although there is currently no date scheduled for their removal.

• argparse: Nesting argument groups and nesting mutually exclusivegroups are deprecated.

• builtins:

  • Generators:throw(type,exc,tb) andathrow(type,exc,tb)signature is deprecated: usethrow(exc) andathrow(exc) instead,the single argument signature.

  • Currently Python accepts numeric literals immediately followed by keywords,for example0inx,1orx,0if1else2. It allows confusing andambiguous expressions like[0x1forxiny] (which can be interpreted as[0x1forxiny] or[0x1forxiny]). A syntax warning is raisedif the numeric literal is immediately followed by one of keywordsand,else,for,if,in,is andor. In a future release itwill be changed to a syntax error. (gh-87999)

  • Support for__index__() and__int__() method returning non-int type:these methods will be required to return an instance of a strict subclass ofint.

  • Support for__float__() method returning a strict subclass offloat: these methods will be required to return an instance offloat.

  • Support for__complex__() method returning a strict subclass ofcomplex: these methods will be required to return an instance ofcomplex.

  • Delegation ofint() to__trunc__() method.

  • Passing a complex number as thereal orimag argument in thecomplex() constructor is now deprecated; it should only be passedas a single positional argument.(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka ingh-109218.)

• calendar:calendar.January andcalendar.February constants aredeprecated and replaced bycalendar.JANUARY andcalendar.FEBRUARY.(Contributed by Prince Roshan ingh-103636.)

• codeobject.co_lnotab: use thecodeobject.co_lines() methodinstead.

• datetime:

  • utcnow():usedatetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.UTC).

  • utcfromtimestamp():usedatetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp,tz=datetime.UTC).

• gettext: Plural value must be an integer.

• importlib:

  • cache_from_source()debug_override parameter isdeprecated: use theoptimization parameter instead.

• importlib.metadata:

  • EntryPoints tuple interface.

  • ImplicitNone on return values.

• logging: thewarn() method has been deprecatedsince Python 3.3, usewarning() instead.

• mailbox: Use of StringIO input and text mode is deprecated, useBytesIO and binary mode instead.

• os: Callingos.register_at_fork() in multi-threaded process.

• pydoc.ErrorDuringImport: A tuple value forexc_info parameter isdeprecated, use an exception instance.

• re: More strict rules are now applied for numerical group referencesand group names in regular expressions. Only sequence of ASCII digits is nowaccepted as a numerical reference. The group name in bytes patterns andreplacement strings can now only contain ASCII letters and digits andunderscore.(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka ingh-91760.)

• sre_compile,sre_constants andsre_parse modules.

• shutil:rmtree()’sonerror parameter is deprecated inPython 3.12; use theonexc parameter instead.

• ssl options and protocols:

  • ssl.SSLContext without protocol argument is deprecated.

  • ssl.SSLContext:set_npn_protocols() andselected_npn_protocol() are deprecated: use ALPNinstead.

  • ssl.OP_NO_SSL* options

  • ssl.OP_NO_TLS* options

  • ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3

  • ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS

  • ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1

  • ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1

  • ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2

  • ssl.TLSVersion.SSLv3

  • ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1

  • ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_1

• threading methods:

  • threading.Condition.notifyAll(): usenotify_all().

  • threading.Event.isSet(): useis_set().

  • threading.Thread.isDaemon(),threading.Thread.setDaemon():usethreading.Thread.daemon attribute.

  • threading.Thread.getName(),threading.Thread.setName():usethreading.Thread.name attribute.

  • threading.currentThread(): usethreading.current_thread().

  • threading.activeCount(): usethreading.active_count().

• typing.Text (gh-92332).

• unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase: it is deprecated to return a valuethat is notNone from a test case.

• urllib.parse deprecated functions:urlparse() instead

  • splitattr()

  • splithost()

  • splitnport()

  • splitpasswd()

  • splitport()

  • splitquery()

  • splittag()

  • splittype()

  • splituser()

  • splitvalue()

  • to_bytes()

• urllib.request:URLopener andFancyURLopener style of invoking requests isdeprecated. Use newerurlopen() functions and methods.

• wsgiref:SimpleHandler.stdout.write() should not do partialwrites.

• xml.etree.ElementTree: Testing the truth value of anElement is deprecated. In a future release itwill always returnTrue. Prefer explicitlen(elem) orelemisnotNone tests instead.

• zipimport.zipimporter.load_module() is deprecated:useexec_module() instead.

C API Deprecations¶