History and License¶
History of the software¶
Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at StichtingMathematisch Centrum (CWI, seehttps://www.cwi.nl/) in the Netherlands as asuccessor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python’s principal author,although it includes many contributions from others.
In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for NationalResearch Initiatives (CNRI, seehttps://www.cnri.reston.va.us/) in Reston,Virginia where he released several versions of the software.
In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to BeOpen.com toform the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same year, the PythonLabsteam moved to Digital Creations (now Zope Corporation; seehttps://www.zope.org/). In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, seehttps://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization createdspecifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is asponsoring member of the PSF.
All Python releases are Open Source (seehttps://opensource.org/ for the OpenSource Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python releases have alsobeen GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes the various releases.
Release | Derived from | Year | Owner | GPL compatible? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
0.9.0 thru 1.2 | n/a | 1991-1995 | CWI | yes |
1.3 thru 1.5.2 | 1.2 | 1995-1999 | CNRI | yes |
1.6 | 1.5.2 | 2000 | CNRI | no |
2.0 | 1.6 | 2000 | BeOpen.com | no |
1.6.1 | 1.6 | 2001 | CNRI | no |
2.1 | 2.0+1.6.1 | 2001 | PSF | no |
2.0.1 | 2.0+1.6.1 | 2001 | PSF | yes |
2.1.1 | 2.1+2.0.1 | 2001 | PSF | yes |
2.1.2 | 2.1.1 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
2.1.3 | 2.1.2 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
2.2 and above | 2.1.1 | 2001-now | PSF | yes |
Note
GPL-compatible doesn’t mean that we’re distributing Python under the GPL. AllPython licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute a modified version withoutmaking your changes open source. The GPL-compatible licenses make it possible tocombine Python with other software that is released under the GPL; the othersdon’t.
Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido’s direction tomake these releases possible.
Terms and conditions for accessing or otherwise using Python¶
Python software and documentation are licensed under thePSF License Agreement.
Starting with Python 3.8.6, examples, recipes, and other code inthe documentation are dual licensed under the PSF License Agreementand theZero-Clause BSD license.
Some software incorporated into Python is under different licenses.The licenses are listed with code falling under that license.SeeLicenses and Acknowledgements for Incorporated Software for an incomplete list of these licenses.
PSF LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 3.11.14¶
1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 3.11.14 software in source or binary form and its associated documentation.2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 3.11.14 alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright © 2001-2023 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python 3.11.14 alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or incorporates Python 3.11.14 or any part thereof, and wants to make the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python 3.11.14.4. PSF is making Python 3.11.14 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 3.11.14 WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 3.11.14 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 3.11.14, OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of its terms and conditions.7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any third party.8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python 3.11.14, Licensee agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0¶
BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using this software in source or binary form and its associated documentation ("the Software").2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of its terms and conditions.6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the permissions granted on that web page.7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1¶
1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in source or binary form and its associated documentation.2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright © 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with Python 1.6.1 may be located on the internet using the following unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the internet using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013."3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python 1.6.1.4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of its terms and conditions.7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal intellectual property law of the United States, including without limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any third party.8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2¶
Copyright © 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, TheNetherlands. All rights reserved.Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and itsdocumentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided thatthe above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyrightnotice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and thatthe name of Stichting Mathematisch Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising orpublicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, writtenprior permission.STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THISSOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NOEVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECTOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUSACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THISSOFTWARE.
ZERO-CLAUSE BSD LICENSE FOR CODE IN THE PYTHON 3.11.14 DOCUMENTATION¶
Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for anypurpose with or without fee is hereby granted.THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITHREGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITYAND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROMLOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OROTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE ORPERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Licenses and Acknowledgements for Incorporated Software¶
This section is an incomplete, but growing list of licenses and acknowledgementsfor third-party software incorporated in the Python distribution.
Mersenne Twister¶
The_random module includes code based on a download fromhttp://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/MT2002/emt19937ar.html. The following arethe verbatim comments from the original code:
A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/1/26.Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,All rights reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOTLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER ORCONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, ORPROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OFLIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDINGNEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THISSOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.Any feedback is very welcome.http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/emt.htmlemail: m-mat @ math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp (remove space)
Sockets¶
Thesocket module uses the functions,getaddrinfo(), andgetnameinfo(), which are coded in separate source files from the WIDEProject,https://www.wide.ad.jp/.
Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.All rights reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met:1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' ANDANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THEIMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSEARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLEFOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODSOR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICTLIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAYOUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OFSUCH DAMAGE.
Asynchronous socket services¶
Theasynchat andasyncore modules contain the following notice:
Copyright 1996 by Sam Rushing All Rights ReservedPermission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software andits documentation for any purpose and without fee is herebygranted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in allcopies and that both that copyright notice and this permissionnotice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of SamRushing not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining todistribution of the software without specific, written priorpermission.SAM RUSHING DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, INNO EVENT SHALL SAM RUSHING BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT ORCONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSSOF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR INCONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Cookie management¶
Thehttp.cookies module contains the following notice:
Copyright 2000 by Timothy O'Malley <timo@alum.mit.edu> All Rights ReservedPermission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this softwareand its documentation for any purpose and without fee is herebygranted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in allcopies and that both that copyright notice and this permissionnotice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name ofTimothy O'Malley not be used in advertising or publicitypertaining to distribution of the software without specific, writtenprior permission.Timothy O'Malley DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THISSOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITYAND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL Timothy O'Malley BE LIABLE FORANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGESWHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUSACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE ORPERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Execution tracing¶
Thetrace module contains the following notice:
portions copyright 2001, Autonomous Zones Industries, Inc., all rights...err... reserved and offered to the public under the terms of thePython 2.2 license.Author: Zooko O'Whielacronxhttp://zooko.com/mailto:zooko@zooko.comCopyright 2000, Mojam Media, Inc., all rights reserved.Author: Skip MontanaroCopyright 1999, Bioreason, Inc., all rights reserved.Author: Andrew DalkeCopyright 1995-1997, Automatrix, Inc., all rights reserved.Author: Skip MontanaroCopyright 1991-1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, all rights reserved.Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Python software andits associated documentation for any purpose without fee is herebygranted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies,and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear insupporting documentation, and that the name of neither Automatrix,Bioreason or Mojam Media be used in advertising or publicity pertaining todistribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
UUencode and UUdecode functions¶
Theuu module contains the following notice:
Copyright 1994 by Lance EllinghouseCathedral City, California Republic, United States of America. All Rights ReservedPermission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and itsdocumentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and thatboth that copyright notice and this permission notice appear insupporting documentation, and that the name of Lance Ellinghousenot be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distributionof the software without specific, written prior permission.LANCE ELLINGHOUSE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TOTHIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY ANDFITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL LANCE ELLINGHOUSE CENTRUM BE LIABLEFOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGESWHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN ANACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUTOF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.Modified by Jack Jansen, CWI, July 1995:- Use binascii module to do the actual line-by-line conversion between ascii and binary. This results in a 1000-fold speedup. The C version is still 5 times faster, though.- Arguments more compliant with Python standard
XML Remote Procedure Calls¶
Thexmlrpc.client module contains the following notice:
The XML-RPC client interface isCopyright (c) 1999-2002 by Secret Labs ABCopyright (c) 1999-2002 by Fredrik LundhBy obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or itsassociated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood,and will comply with the following terms and conditions:Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software andits associated documentation for any purpose and without fee ishereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears inall copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permissionnotice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name ofSecret Labs AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicitypertaining to distribution of the software without specific, writtenprior permission.SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARDTO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT-ABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHORBE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANYDAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUSACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCEOF THIS SOFTWARE.
test_epoll¶
Thetest.test_epoll module contains the following notice:
Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Twisted Matrix Laboratories.Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaininga copy of this software and associated documentation files (the"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, includingwithout limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and topermit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject tothe following conditions:The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall beincluded in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ANDNONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BELIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTIONOF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTIONWITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
Select kqueue¶
Theselect module contains the following notice for the kqueueinterface:
Copyright (c) 2000 Doug White, 2006 James Knight, 2007 Christian HeimesAll rights reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met:1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' ANDANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THEIMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSEARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLEFOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODSOR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICTLIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAYOUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OFSUCH DAMAGE.
SipHash24¶
The filePython/pyhash.c contains Marek Majkowski’ implementation ofDan Bernstein’s SipHash24 algorithm. It contains the following note:
<MIT License>Copyright (c) 2013 Marek Majkowski <marek@popcount.org>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copyof this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to dealin the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rightsto use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sellcopies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software isfurnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included inall copies or substantial portions of the Software.</MIT License>Original location: https://github.com/majek/csiphash/Solution inspired by code from: Samuel Neves (supercop/crypto_auth/siphash24/little) djb (supercop/crypto_auth/siphash24/little2) Jean-Philippe Aumasson (https://131002.net/siphash/siphash24.c)
strtod and dtoa¶
The filePython/dtoa.c, which supplies C functions dtoa andstrtod for conversion of C doubles to and from strings, is derivedfrom the file of the same name by David M. Gay, currently availablefromhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220517033456/http://www.netlib.org/fp/dtoa.c.The original file, as retrieved on March 16, 2009, contains the followingcopyright and licensing notice:
/**************************************************************** * * The author of this software is David M. Gay. * * Copyright (c) 1991, 2000, 2001 by Lucent Technologies. * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any * purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice * is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy * or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting * documentation for such software. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED * WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR LUCENT MAKES ANY * REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY * OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. * ***************************************************************/
OpenSSL¶
The moduleshashlib,posix,ssl,crypt usethe OpenSSL library for added performance if made available by theoperating system. Additionally, the Windows and macOS installers forPython may include a copy of the OpenSSL libraries, so we include a copyof the OpenSSL license here. For the OpenSSL 3.0 release,and later releases derived from that, the Apache License v2 applies:
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You are solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor has been advised of the possibility of such damages.9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer, and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity, or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
expat¶
Thepyexpat extension is built using an included copy of the expatsources unless the build is configured--with-system-expat:
Copyright (c) 1998, 1999, 2000 Thai Open Source Software Center Ltd and Clark CooperPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaininga copy of this software and associated documentation files (the"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, includingwithout limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and topermit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject tothe following conditions:The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be includedin all copies or substantial portions of the Software.THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANYCLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THESOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
libffi¶
The_ctypes extension is built using an included copy of the libffisources unless the build is configured--with-system-libffi:
Copyright (c) 1996-2008 Red Hat, Inc and others.Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaininga copy of this software and associated documentation files (the``Software''), to deal in the Software without restriction, includingwithout limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and topermit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject tothe following conditions:The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be includedin all copies or substantial portions of the Software.THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ANDNONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHTHOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHERDEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
zlib¶
Thezlib extension is built using an included copy of the zlibsources if the zlib version found on the system is too old to beused for the build:
Copyright (C) 1995-2011 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark AdlerThis software is provided 'as-is', without any express or impliedwarranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damagesarising from the use of this software.Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute itfreely, subject to the following restrictions:1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.Jean-loup Gailly Mark Adlerjloup@gzip.org madler@alumni.caltech.edu
cfuhash¶
The implementation of the hash table used by thetracemalloc is basedon the cfuhash project:
Copyright (c) 2005 Don OwensAll rights reserved.This code is released under the BSD license:Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOTLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESSFOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THECOPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS ORSERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISEDOF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
libmpdec¶
The_decimal module is built using an included copy of the libmpdeclibrary unless the build is configured--with-system-libmpdec:
Copyright (c) 2008-2020 Stefan Krah. All rights reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met:1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" ANDANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THEIMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSEARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLEFOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODSOR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICTLIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAYOUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OFSUCH DAMAGE.
W3C C14N test suite¶
The C14N 2.0 test suite in thetest package(Lib/test/xmltestdata/c14n-20/) was retrieved from the W3C website athttps://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n2-testcases/ and is distributed under the3-clause BSD license:
Copyright (c) 2013 W3C(R) (MIT, ERCIM, Keio, Beihang),All Rights Reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or withoutmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditionsare met:* Redistributions of works must retain the original copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the original copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.* Neither the name of the W3C nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this work without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOTLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHTOWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOTLIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANYTHEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USEOF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Audioop¶
The audioop module uses the code base in g771.c file of the SoX project.https://sourceforge.net/projects/sox/files/sox/12.17.7/sox-12.17.7.tar.gz
This source code is a product of Sun Microsystems, Inc. and is providedfor unrestricted use. Users may copy or modify this source code withoutcharge.
SUN SOURCE CODE IS PROVIDED AS IS WITH NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND INCLUDINGTHE WARRANTIES OF DESIGN, MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULARPURPOSE, OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE.
Sun source code is provided with no support and without any obligation onthe part of Sun Microsystems, Inc. to assist in its use, correction,modification or enhancement.
SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO THEINFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHTS, TRADE SECRETS OR ANY PATENTS BY THIS SOFTWAREOR ANY PART THEREOF.
In no event will Sun Microsystems, Inc. be liable for any lost revenueor profits or other special, indirect and consequential damages, even ifSun has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Sun Microsystems, Inc.2550 Garcia AvenueMountain View, California 94043
asyncio¶
Parts of theasyncio module are incorporated fromuvloop 0.16,which is distributed under the MIT license:
Copyright (c) 2015-2021 MagicStack Inc. http://magic.ioPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaininga copy of this software and associated documentation files (the"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, includingwithout limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and topermit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject tothe following conditions:The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall beincluded in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ANDNONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BELIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTIONOF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTIONWITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.