Class ThreadGroup
- All Implemented Interfaces:
Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler
A thread group has a name and maximum priority. The name is specifiedwhen creating the group and cannot be changed. The group's maximum priorityis the maximum priority for threads created in the group. It is initiallyinherited from the parent thread group but may be changed using thesetMaxPriority method.
A thread group is weaklyreachable from its parent group so that it is eligible for garbagecollection when there are nolive threads in thegroup and the thread group is otherwiseunreachable.
Unless otherwise specified, passing anull argument to a constructoror method in this class will cause aNullPointerException to be thrown.
Thread groups and virtual threads
The Java runtime creates a special thread group forvirtual threads. This group isreturned by theThread.getThreadGroup methodwhen invoked on a virtual thread. The thread group differs to other threadgroups in that its maximum priority is fixed and cannot be changed with thesetMaxPriority method.Virtual threads are not included in the estimated thread count returned by theactiveCount method, are not enumerated by theenumerate method, and are not interrupted by theinterrupt method.- API Note:
- Thread groups provided a way in early Java releases to group threads and providea form ofjob control for threads. Thread groups supported the isolationof applets and defined methods intended for diagnostic purposes. It should berare for new applications to create ThreadGroups and interact with this API.
- Since:
- 1.0
Constructor Summary
ConstructorsConstructorDescriptionThreadGroup(String name) Constructs a new thread group.ThreadGroup(ThreadGroup parent,String name) Creates a new thread group.Method Summary
Modifier and TypeMethodDescriptionintReturns an estimate of the number ofliveplatform threads in this thread group and its subgroups.intReturns an estimate of the number of groups in this thread group and itssubgroups.final voidDeprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally determined if the currently runningthread had permission to modify this thread group.final voiddestroy()Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method was originally specified to destroy an empty thread group.intCopies into the specified array everyliveplatform thread in this thread group and its subgroups.intCopies into the specified array everyliveplatform thread in this thread group.intenumerate(ThreadGroup[] list) Copies into the specified array references to every subgroup in thisthread group and its subgroups.intenumerate(ThreadGroup[] list, boolean recurse) Copies into the specified array references to every subgroup in thisthread group.final intReturns the maximum priority of this thread group.finalStringgetName()Returns the name of this thread group.finalThreadGroupReturns the parent of this thread group.final voidInterrupts alllive platform threads inthis thread group and its subgroups.final booleanisDaemon()Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally indicated if the thread group is adaemon thread group that is automatically destroyed when its last thread terminates.booleanDeprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally indicated if the thread group is destroyed.voidlist()Prints information about this thread group to the standardoutput.final booleanTests if this thread group is either the thread groupargument or one of its ancestor thread groups.final voidsetDaemon(boolean daemon) Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally configured whether the thread group is adaemon thread group that is automatically destroyed when its last thread terminates.final voidsetMaxPriority(int pri) Sets the maximum priority of the group.toString()Returns a string representation of this Thread group.voidCalled by the Java Virtual Machine when a thread in thisthread group stops because of an uncaught exception, and the threaddoes not have a specificThread.UncaughtExceptionHandlerinstalled.
Constructor Details
ThreadGroup
Constructs a new thread group. The parent of this new group isthe thread group of the currently running thread.- Parameters:
name- the name of the new thread group, can benull
ThreadGroup
Creates a new thread group. The parent of this new group is thespecified thread group.- Parameters:
parent- the parent thread group.name- the name of the new thread group, can benull
Method Details
getName
Returns the name of this thread group.- Returns:
- the name of this thread group, may be
null
getParent
Returns the parent of this thread group.- Returns:
- the parent of this thread group. The top-level thread group is the only thread group whose parent is
null.
getMaxPriority
public final int getMaxPriority()Returns the maximum priority of this thread group. This is the maximumpriority for new threads created in the thread group.- Returns:
- the maximum priority for new threads created in the thread group
- See Also:
isDaemon
Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally indicated if the thread group is adaemon thread group that is automatically destroyed when its last thread terminates. The concept of daemon thread group no longer exists. A thread group is eligible to be GC'ed when there are no live threads in the group and it is otherwise unreachable.Returns the daemon status of this thread group.The daemon status is not used for anything.- Returns:
- the daemon status of this thread group
isDestroyed
Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally indicated if the thread group is destroyed. The ability to destroy a thread group and the concept of a destroyed thread group no longer exists. A thread group is eligible to be GC'ed when there are no live threads in the group and it is otherwise unreachable.Returns false.- Returns:
- false
- Since:
- 1.1
setDaemon
Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally configured whether the thread group is adaemon thread group that is automatically destroyed when its last thread terminates. The concept of daemon thread group no longer exists. A thread group is eligible to be GC'ed when there are no live threads in the group and it is otherwise unreachable.Sets the daemon status of this thread group.The daemon status is not used for anything.- Parameters:
daemon- the daemon status
setMaxPriority
public final void setMaxPriority(int pri) Sets the maximum priority of the group. The maximum priority of theThreadGroup for virtualthreads is not changed by this method (the new priority is ignored).Threads in the thread group (or subgroups) that already have a higherpriority are not affected by this method.If the
priargument is less thanThread.MIN_PRIORITYor greater thanThread.MAX_PRIORITY, the maximum priority of the groupremains unchanged.Otherwise, the priority of this ThreadGroup object is set to thesmaller of the specified
priand the maximum permittedpriority of the parent of this thread group. (If this thread groupis the system thread group, which has no parent, then its maximumpriority is simply set topri.) Then this method iscalled recursively, withprias its argument, forevery thread group that belongs to this thread group.- Parameters:
pri- the new priority of the thread group.- See Also:
parentOf
Tests if this thread group is either the thread groupargument or one of its ancestor thread groups.- Parameters:
g- a thread group, can benull- Returns:
trueif this thread group is the thread group argument or one of its ancestor thread groups;falseotherwise.
checkAccess
Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method originally determined if the currently runningthread had permission to modify this thread group. This method was onlyuseful in conjunction withthe Security Manager,which is no longer supported. There is no replacement for the SecurityManager or this method.Does nothing.activeCount
public int activeCount()Returns an estimate of the number ofliveplatform threads in this thread group and its subgroups. Virtual threadsare not included in the estimate. This method recursively iterates overall subgroups in this thread group.The value returned is only an estimate because the number ofthreads may change dynamically while this method traverses internaldata structures, and might be affected by the presence of certainsystem threads. This method is intended primarily for debuggingand monitoring purposes.
- Returns:
- an estimate of the number of live threads in this thread group and in any other thread group that has this thread group as an ancestor
enumerate
Copies into the specified array everyliveplatform thread in this thread group and its subgroups. Virtual threadsare not enumerated by this method.An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the sameway as the invocation
enumerate
(list, true)- Parameters:
list- an array into which to put the list of threads- Returns:
- the number of threads put into the array
enumerate
Copies into the specified array everyliveplatform thread in this thread group. Virtual threads are not enumeratedby this method. Ifrecurseistrue, this method recursivelyenumerates all subgroups of this thread group and references to every liveplatform thread in these subgroups are also included. If the array is tooshort to hold all the threads, the extra threads are silently ignored.An application might use theactiveCountmethod to get an estimate of how big the array should be, howeverif the array is too short to hold all the threads, the extra threadsare silently ignored. If it is critical to obtain every livethread in this thread group, the caller should verify that the returnedint value is strictly less than the length of
list.Due to the inherent race condition in this method, it is recommendedthat the method only be used for debugging and monitoring purposes.
- Parameters:
list- an array into which to put the list of threadsrecurse- iftrue, recursively enumerate all subgroups of this thread group- Returns:
- the number of threads put into the array
activeGroupCount
public int activeGroupCount()Returns an estimate of the number of groups in this thread group and itssubgroups. Recursively iterates over all subgroups in this thread group.The value returned is only an estimate because the number ofthread groups may change dynamically while this method traversesinternal data structures. This method is intended primarily fordebugging and monitoring purposes.
- Returns:
- the number of thread groups with this thread group as an ancestor
enumerate
Copies into the specified array references to every subgroup in thisthread group and its subgroups.An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the sameway as the invocation
enumerate
(list, true)- Parameters:
list- an array into which to put the list of thread groups- Returns:
- the number of thread groups put into the array
enumerate
Copies into the specified array references to every subgroup in thisthread group. Ifrecurseistrue, this method recursivelyenumerates all subgroups of this thread group and references to everythread group in these subgroups are also included.An application might use theactiveGroupCount method toget an estimate of how big the array should be, howeverif thearray is too short to hold all the thread groups, the extra threadgroups are silently ignored. If it is critical to obtain everysubgroup in this thread group, the caller should verify thatthe returned int value is strictly less than the length of
list.Due to the inherent race condition in this method, it is recommendedthat the method only be used for debugging and monitoring purposes.
- Parameters:
list- an array into which to put the list of thread groupsrecurse- iftrue, recursively enumerate all subgroups- Returns:
- the number of thread groups put into the array
interrupt
public final void interrupt()Interrupts alllive platform threads inthis thread group and its subgroups.- Since:
- 1.2
- See Also:
destroy
Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.This method was originally specified to destroy an empty thread group. The ability to explicitly destroy a thread group no longer exists. A thread group is eligible to be GC'ed when there are no live threads in the group and it is otherwise unreachable.Does nothing.list
public void list()Prints information about this thread group to the standardoutput. This method is useful only for debugging.uncaughtException
Called by the Java Virtual Machine when a thread in thisthread group stops because of an uncaught exception, and the threaddoes not have a specificThread.UncaughtExceptionHandlerinstalled.The
uncaughtExceptionmethod ofThreadGroupdoes the following:- If this thread group has a parent thread group, the
uncaughtExceptionmethod of that parent is called with the same two arguments. - Otherwise, this method checks to see if there is adefault uncaught exception handler installed, and if so, its
uncaughtExceptionmethod is called with the same two arguments. - Otherwise, a message containing the thread's name, as returned from the thread's
getNamemethod, and a stack backtrace, using theThrowable'sprintStackTracemethod, is printed to thestandard error stream.
Applications can override this method in subclasses of
ThreadGroupto provide alternative handling ofuncaught exceptions.- Specified by:
uncaughtExceptionin interfaceThread.UncaughtExceptionHandler- Parameters:
t- the thread that is about to exit.e- the uncaught exception.
- If this thread group has a parent thread group, the
toString