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Creating and Using Oracle^® Solaris Zones

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Updated: April 2019

Creating and Using Oracle^® Solaris Zones

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Using This Documentation

Product Documentation Library

Chapter 1 How to Plan and Configure Non-Global Zones

Evaluating the Current System Setup

Disk Space Requirements

Restricting Zone Size

Determine the Zone Host Name and the Network Requirements

Shared-IP Zone Network Address

IPv4 Zone Network Address

IPv6 Zone Network Address

Exclusive-IP Zone Network Address

File System Configuration

Creating, Revising, and Deleting Non-Global Zone Configurations

Configuring, Verifying, and Committing a Zone

How to Configure the Zone

Where to Go From Here

How to Display the Configuration of a Non-Global Zone

Using the zonecfg Command to Modify a ZoneConfiguration

How to Modify a Resource Type in a Zone Configuration

How to Clear a Property in a Zone Configuration

How to Rename a Zone by Using the zonecfgCommand

How to Add a Dedicated Device to a Zone

How to Set zone.cpu-shares in the Global Zone

How to Modify Zone Privileges

Using the zonecfg Command to Revert or Remove a ZoneConfiguration

How to Revert a Zone Configuration

How to Delete a Zone Configuration

Chapter 2 About Installing, Shutting Down, Halting, Uninstalling, and Cloning Non-Global Zones

Zone Installation and Administration Concepts

Zone Construction

How Zones Are Installed

The zoneadmd Daemon

The zsched Zone Scheduler

Zone Application Environment

About Shutting Down, Halting, Rebooting, and Uninstalling Zones

Shutting Down a Zone

Rebooting a Zone

Zone Boot Arguments

Zone autoboot Property Value

Uninstalling a Zone

About Cloning Non-Global Zones

Creating a Golden Zone

Chapter 3 Installing, Booting, Shutting Down, Halting, Uninstalling, and CloningNon-Global Zones

Zone Installation

Installing and Booting Zones

How to Verify a Configured Zone Before It Is Installed

How to Install a Configured Zone

How to Obtain the UUID of an Installed Non-Global Zone

How to Mark an Installed Non-Global Zone Incomplete

How to Transition the Installed Zone to the Ready State

How to Boot a Zone

How to Boot a Zone in Single-User Mode

Where to Go From Here

Shutting Down, Halting, Rebooting, and Uninstalling Zones

How to Shut Down a Zone

How to Halt a Zone

How to Reboot a Zone

How to Use the zoneadm Command to Rename aZone

How to Uninstall a Zone

Cloning a Non-Global Zone on the Same System

How to Clone a Zone

Moving a Non-Global Zone

How to Move a Zone That Is Not on Shared Storage

Deleting a Non-Global Zone From the System

How to Remove a Non-Global Zone

Chapter 4 About Non-Global Zone Login

Internal Zone Configuration

System Configuration Interactive Tool

Example Zone Configuration Profiles

Non-Global Zone Login Methods

Zone Console Login

User Login Methods

Interactive and Non-Interactive Modes

Interactive Mode

Non-Interactive Mode

Chapter 5 Logging In to Non-Global Zones

Initial Zone Boot and Zone Login Procedures

Logging In to a Zone

How to Create a Configuration Profile

How to Log In to the Zone Console to Perform the Internal Zone Configuration

How to Log In to the Zone Console

How to Use Interactive Mode to Access a Zone

How to Use Non-Interactive Mode to Access a Zone

How to Exit a Non-Global Zone

How to Use Failsafe Mode to Enter a Zone

How to Use zlogin to Shut Down a Zone

Enabling a Service

Displaying the Name of the Current Zone

Chapter 6 Live Zone Reconfiguration

About Live Zone Reconfiguration

About Making Temporary Changes

About Making Changes to the Configuration

About Applying Changes to the Configuration

Live Zone Reconfiguration Examples

How to Inspect the Live Configuration of the Running Zone

How to View a Possible Configuration by Using a Dry Run

How to Make Persistent Configuration Changes and Apply the Changes

How to Temporarily Add an anet Resource to the Running Zone

How to Make Temporary Changes to the Running Zone

How to Recover From a Failure While Committing Temporary Changes

Chapter 7 Migrating and Converting Oracle Solaris Zones

About Migrating solaris Branded Zones

About Zone Conversions and Converting Oracle Solaris Zones

Using Oracle Solaris Unified Archives for Zone Conversions

Using Legacy Archives for Zone Conversions

Using the zonep2vchk Tool to Prepare for Global toNon-Global Conversions

About the zonep2vchk Tool

Types of Zone Analyses

Information Produced From Zone Analyses

Migration and Zone Conversion Requirements For solarisBranded Zones

Tasks to Migrate solaris Zones

About Orphaned Zone Boot Environments

destroy-orphan-zbes Zone Migration Option

force-zbe-clone Zone Migration Option

deny-zbe-clone Zone Migration Option

beadm list Changes

Migrating a Non-Global Zone to a Different System

How to Migrate a Non-Global Zone by Using Shared Storage

How to Convert a Non-Global Zone by Using Unified Archives

How to Use ZFS Archives to Convert and to Deploy a Non-Global Zone on aDifferent Host

How to Migrate Zones from One ZFS Pool to Another ZFS Pool in a DifferentSystem

Migrating a Zone From a Machine That Is Not Usable

Converting a Global Zone Into a Non-Global Zone

About Converting an Oracle Solaris System (Global Zone) Into asolaris Brand Non-Global Zone

Scanning the Source System With zonep2vchk

How to Create an Archive of the System Image on a Network Device

How to Configure and Install a Migrated Zone on the Target System

Chapter 8 About Automatic Installation and Packages on an Oracle Solaris System With ZonesInstalled

Image Packaging System Software on Systems Running the Oracle SolarisRelease

Zones Packaging Overview

About Packages and Zones

About Adding Packages in Systems With Zones Installed

Using pkg in the Global Zone

Using the pkg install Command in a Non-GlobalZone

Adding Additional Packages in a Zone by Using a Custom AIManifest

About Removing Packages in Zones

Package Information Query

Proxy Configuration on a System That Has Installed Zones

Configuring the Proxy in the Global Zone

Overriding system-repository Proxies by Usinghttps_proxy and http_proxy

Parallel Zone Updates

How Zone State Affects Package Operations

Chapter 9 About Oracle Solaris Zones Administration

Global Zone Visibility and Access

Process ID Visibility in Zones

System Observability in Zones

Reporting Active Zone Statistics with the zonestat Utility

Monitoring Non-Global Zones Using the fsstat Utility

Non-Global Zone Node Name

Running an NFS Server in a Zone

File Systems and Non-Global Zones

The –o nosuid Option

Mounting File Systems in Zones

Unmounting File Systems in Zones

Security Restrictions and File System Behavior

Non-Global Zones as NFS Clients

Use of mknod Prohibited in a Zone

Traversing File Systems

Restriction on Accessing A Non-Global Zone From the Global Zone

Networking in Shared-IP Non-Global Zones

Shared-IP Zone Partitioning

Shared-IP Network Interfaces

IP Traffic Between Shared-IP Zones on the Same Machine

Oracle Solaris IP Filter in Shared-IP Zones

IP Network Multipathing in Shared-IP Zones

Networking in Exclusive-IP Non-Global Zones

Exclusive-IP Zone Partitioning

Exclusive-IP Datalink Interfaces

IP Traffic Between Exclusive-IP Zones on the Same System

Oracle Solaris IP Filter in Exclusive-IP Zones

IP Network Multipathing in Exclusive-IP Zones

Device Use in Non-Global Zones

/dev and the /devices Namespace

Exclusive-Use Devices

Device Driver Administration

Utilities That Do Not Work or Are Modified in Non-Global Zones

Utilities That Do Not Work in Non-Global Zones

SPARC: Utility Modified for Use in a Non-Global Zone

Allowed Utilities With Security Implications

Running Applications in Non-Global Zones

Resource Controls Used in Non-Global Zones

Fair Share Scheduler on a System With Zones Installed

FSS Share Division in a Global or Non-Global Zone

Share Balance Between Zones

Extended Accounting on a System With Zones Installed

Privileges in a Non-Global Zone

Using IP Security Architecture in Zones

IP Security Architecture in Shared-IP Zones

IP Security Architecture in Exclusive-IP Zones

Using Oracle Solaris Auditing in Zones

Core Files in Zones

Running DTrace in a Non-Global Zone

Setting Time Values in Non-Global Zones

About Backing Up an Oracle Solaris System With Zones Installed

Backing Up Loopback File System Directories

Backing Up Your System From the Global Zone

Backing Up Individual Non-Global Zones on Your System

Creating Oracle Solaris Unified Archive Backups

Determining What to Back Up in Non-Global Zones

Backing Up Application Data Only

General Database Backup Operations

About Restoring Non-Global Zones

Commands Used on a System With Zones Installed

Chapter 10 Administering Oracle Solaris Zones

Assigning Limited Rights to Zone Administrators

Assigning Rights to Non-Root Users to Manage Zones

Common Commands When Limiting Rights to Administer Zones

Using the zonestat Utility in a Non-GlobalZone

How to Use the zonestat Utility to Display a Summaryof CPU and Memory Utilization

How to Use the zonestat Utility to Report on theDefault pset

Using zonestat to Report Total and HighUtilization

How to Obtain Network Bandwidth Utilization for Exclusive-IPZones

Reporting Per-Zone fstype Statistics for allZones

How to Use the –z Option to Monitor Activity in SpecificZones

How to Display Per-Zone fstype Statistics for AllZones

Using DTrace in a Non-Global Zone

How to Use DTrace in a Non-Global Zone

Checking the Status of SMF Services in a Non-Global Zone

How to Check the Status of SMF Services From the Command Line

How to Check the Status of SMF Services From Within a Zone

Mounting File Systems in Running Non-Global Zones

How to Use LOFS to Mount a File System

How to Delegate a ZFS Dataset to a Non-Global Zone

Adding Non-Global Zone Access to Specific File Systems in the GlobalZone

How to Add Access to CD or DVD Media in a Non-Global Zone

Using IP Network Multipathing on an Oracle Solaris System With ZonesInstalled

How to Use IP Network Multipathing in Exclusive-IP Non-GlobalZones

How to Extend IP Network Multipathing Functionality to Shared-IPNon-Global Zones

Administering Datalinks in Exclusive-IP Non-Global Zones

How to Use the dladm show-linkprop Command

How to Use dladm to Assign Temporary Datalinks

How to Use the dladm reset-linkprop Command

Using the Fair Share Scheduler on an Oracle Solaris System With ZonesInstalled

How to Set FSS Shares in the Global Zone Using theprctl Command

How to Change the zone.cpu-shares Value in a ZoneDynamically

Backing Up an Oracle Solaris System With Installed Zones

Backing Up an Oracle Solaris System by Using Unified Archives

x64: How to Print a Copy of a Zone Configuration

Recreating a Non-Global Zone

How to Recreate an Individual Non-Global Zone

Chapter 11 Configuring and Administering Immutable Zones

About Immutable Zones

Configuring Immutable Zones

Setting the MWAC Security Policy

Zone Resource Exceptions to MWAC Security Policy

SMF Commands Exception to MWAC Security Policy

Administering Immutable Non-Global Zones

Determining Whether a Non-Global Zone Is Immutable

Administering an Immutable Zone by Making It Writable

Immutable Global Zones

Configuring an Immutable Global Zone

Maintaining an Immutable Global Zone

Chapter 12 Troubleshooting Miscellaneous Oracle Solaris Zones Problems

Installation Fails Due to Unmatched Allowable Packages

Exclusive-IP Zone Is Using Device, so dladm reset-linkprop Fails

Incorrect Privilege Set Specified in Zone Configuration

Zone Does Not Halt

Chapter 13 Getting Started With Oracle Solaris Zones on Shared Storage

About Shared Storage Resources Using Storage URIs

Local Device URI

Logical Unit URI

Managing Storage URIs and Shared Storage Resources

Assigning Shared Storage Resources to Oracle Solaris Zones

storage Property for Zones

rootzpool Resource

Restrictions on Zone Configuration

Automated ZFS Storage Pool Management for Oracle Solaris Zones on Shared StorageResources

About the Unavailable Zone State

Additional zoneadm Subcommand Options

Options for Installing, Cloning, and Attaching Zones

–x force-zpool-import Option

–x force-zpool-create= Option

–x force-zpool-create-all Option

Options for Uninstalling Zones

–x force-zpool-destroy=zpoolname Option

–x force-zpool-destroy-all Option

–x force-storage-destroy-all Option

Restrictions in the Use of the zoneadm Command

Implementing Oracle Solaris Zones Hosted on Shared Storage Resources

zpool Configuration Considerations for Zones on SharedStorage

Sample Scenarios for Zones on Shared Storage

Migrating Oracle Solaris Zones Hosted on Shared Storage Resources

Moving Existing Zones In and Out of Shared Storage ZoneConfigurations

How To Move an Existing Zone Into a Shared Storage Configuration

How To Move an Existing Zone out of a Shared StorageConfiguration

How To Add Additional ZFS Storage Pools to an Installed Zone

Zones References for Shared Storage Resources

Oracle Solaris Zones Man Page References

Oracle Solaris Administration Guides

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Creating and Using Oracle^® Solaris Zones

April 2019

Describes how to create and administer Oracle Solaris Zones.

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