When you create a new instance, you need to choose a machine series.The machine series you choose affects theedition,storage option,andlocationavailable for your to choose from for your instance. For more information on therequirements and decisions you need to make prior to creating a new instance, seePlan and prepare overview.

Cloud SQL provides machine series options for your instance, based onits Cloud SQL edition. A machine series is a curated set of processorand hardware configurations optimized for specific Cloud SQL workloads.These machine series let you tailor vCPU and memory for your instance andoptimize performance for various demands. The machine series you select alsodetermines thestorage optionavailable for your Cloud SQL instance.

Each machine series provides multiple machine types. When you create aninstance, you select a machine type from the machine series you want to use,which defines the resource and storage option available for your instance. Forexample, if you select thedb-perf-optimized-N-2 machine type, which belongsto theN2 machine series, the storage option available for your instance isSSD.

Machine series supported by Cloud SQL

The following table provides an overview of the machine series options thatCloud SQL supports, based on your instance's Cloud SQL editionand the storage options available for each machine series:

To see machine series availability by region, seeRegion availability.

Machine series availability for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances

For Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, you can select one of the following machineseries:

• N2: This machine series provides a balancedprice-to-performance ratio for a variety of Cloud SQL workloads.
• C4A: This machine series provides optimized price-performanceand delivers predictable high performance for high demand Cloud SQLworkloads.

For Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, each machine seriesprovides predefined machine types with preset memory and vCPUs for yourinstances. Availability depends on your instance's Cloud SQL edition,region, and database version.

N2 machine series

The N2 machine series provides a balanced price-performance for a wide varietyof database workloads, with a memory-to-compute ratio of 1 vCPU:8 GB RAM. Ituses the Performance Persistent Disk (PD-SSD) storage option. For more informationabout storage types, seeStorage options overview.

N2 machine types

The following machine types are available for instances for the N2 machineseries:

C4A machine series

The C4A machine series provides high performance for a variety ofperformance-sensitive database workloads.

It uses the Hyperdisk Balanced storage option, which is aGoogle Cloud Hyperdisk offering. Google Cloud Hyperdisk is the latest generation ofnetwork block storage service in Google Cloud. For more information aboutstorage types, seeCloud SQL storage options overview.

The C4A machine series provides predefined machine types that depend on yourinstance's region and configuration.Your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL Enterprise Plus edition instance must be PostgreSQLversion 13 or later to select a C4A machine series.

For more information about supported regions, seeRegional availability.

C4A machine types

The following table shows predefined machine types that are available for theC4A machine series with optional Data Cache:

C4A machine series limitations

Consider the following limitations when choosing the C4A machine series for yourCloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instance:

• Upgrading and downgrading your instance's Cloud SQL edition isn'tsupported.
• You can't change your instance's machine series after instance creation.
• You can't restore an instance to a different machine series. The machineseries for the restored instance must match the new instance.
• Your instance's replicas must be the same machine series as the instance.

• Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 12 isn't supported with the C4A machineseries.

Machine series availability for Cloud SQL Enterprise edition instances

For Cloud SQL Enterprise edition instances, you can select one of the following machine series:

• General purpose shared core: this machine series isa x86 based machine series.

• General purpose dedicated core: this machineseries provides balanced price-to-performance using x86 based machines.

• N4: this machine series provides balanced price-to-performanceusing Intel Emerald Rapids.

General purpose shared core

The general purpose shared core machine series provides machine types withpredefined CPUs (cores) and memory for your instances. It uses the SSD or HDDstorage option. For more information about storage types, seeCloud SQL storage optionsoverview.

The following machine types are available for instances for the general purposeshared core machine series:

General purpose dedicated core

The General purpose dedicated core machine series provides custom instanceconfigurations that let you select the memory and CPUs your instance needs. Thisflexibility lets you select the appropriate VM shape for your workload. It uses the SSD or HDD storageoption. For more information about storage types, seeCloud SQLstorage options overview.

Custom machine type names use the following format:db-custom-{CPUs}-{Memory}.When you select the number of CPUs and memory, some restrictions apply to theconfigurations you can select.

General purpose dedicated core and custom machine types

You can set custom configurations for the general purpose dedicated core machineseries as follows:

• vCPUs must be either 1 or an even number between 2 and 96.
• Memory must be:
  • 0.9 to 6.5 GB per vCPU
  • A multiple of 256 MB
  • At least 3.75 GB (3840 MB)

N4 machine series

The N4 machine series provides balanced price-to-performance for yourCloud SQL Enterprise edition instances, with a memory-to-compute ratio of 1 vCPU:8 GB RAM. Ituses the Hyperdisk Balanced storage option. For more informationabout storage types, seeCloud SQL storage optionsoverview.

N4 machine types

The N4 machine series provides custom machine series options. These machine typenames use the following format:db-custom-N4-{CPUs}-{Memory}.

You can set custom configurations for the N4 machine series based on thefollowing requirements:

• vCPUs can range from 2 to 80, in increments of 2.
• Memory can range from 2 GB to 640 GB and must have:
  • Minimum memory of 2 GB per vCPU
  • Maximum memory of 8 GB per vCPU

The following table shows examples of N4 custom machine types:

Pricing

The machine series you select affects the cost of your instance. For moreinformation, seeInstance pricing.You can also use thepricing calculatorto see pricing for various scenarios.