此页面由社区从英文翻译而来。了解更多并加入 MDN Web Docs 社区。
grid-template
Baseline Widely available
This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since 2017年10月.
尝试一下
grid-template: "a a a" 40px "b c c" 40px "b c c" 40px / 1fr 1fr 1fr;grid-template: "b b a" auto "b b c" 2ch "b b c" 1em / 20% 20px 1fr;grid-template: "a a ." minmax(50px, auto) "a a ." 80px "b b c" auto / 2em 3em auto;<section> <div> <div> <div>One</div> <div>Two</div> <div>Three</div> </div> </div></section>#example-element { border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; display: grid; grid-gap: 10px; width: 200px;}#example-element :nth-child(1) { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.2); border: 3px solid blue; grid-area: a;}#example-element :nth-child(2) { background-color: rgba(255, 0, 200, 0.2); border: 3px solid rebeccapurple; grid-area: b;}#example-element :nth-child(3) { background-color: rgba(94, 255, 0, 0.2); border: 3px solid green; grid-area: c;}所简写属性：grid-template-rows、grid-template-columns与grid-template-areas。
语法
css
/* 值为关键词 */grid-template: none;/* 为 grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns */grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);/* 为 grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column */grid-template: "a a a" "b b b";grid-template: "a a a" 20% "b b b" auto;grid-template: [header-top] "a a a" [header-bottom] [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom] / auto 1fr auto;/* 为全局值 */grid-template: inherit;grid-template: initial;grid-template: unset;可设值
none关键词，设上文“所简写属性”为
none，即恢复默认设置。行列隐式生成，grid-auto-rows与grid-auto-columns定其尺寸。<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>指定
grid-template-rows与grid-template-columns之值，并设grid-template-areas为none。[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?设
grid-template-areas为列得<string>、grid-template-columns为<explicit-track-list>（默认为none）、grid-template-rows为<track-size>（默认为auto）并拼接尺寸前后所定义之行。注：轨道被用以与“ASCII art”（即字符画，此处指
<string>）中行列逐一视觉对齐，故<explicit-track-list>中不允许repeat()。
注：grid可如此用，但将重置隐式网格属性。Usegrid (as opposed togrid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.
形式语法
grid-template =
none|
[<'grid-template-rows'> /<'grid-template-columns'>]|
[<line-names>?<string><track-size>?<line-names>?]+[ /<explicit-track-list>]?
<grid-template-rows> =
none|
<track-list>|
<auto-track-list>|
subgrid<line-name-list>?
<grid-template-columns> =
none|
<track-list>|
<auto-track-list>|
subgrid<line-name-list>?
<line-names> =
'['<custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> =
<track-breadth>|
minmax(<inflexible-breadth> ,<track-breadth>)|
fit-content(<length-percentage [0,∞]>)
<explicit-track-list> =
[<line-names>?<track-size>]+<line-names>?
<track-list> =
[<line-names>?[<track-size>|<track-repeat>]]+<line-names>?
<auto-track-list> =
[<line-names>?[<fixed-size>|<fixed-repeat>]]*<line-names>?<auto-repeat>[<line-names>?[<fixed-size>|<fixed-repeat>]]*<line-names>?
<line-name-list> =
[<line-names>|<name-repeat>]+
<track-breadth> =
<length-percentage [0,∞]>|
<flex [0,∞]>|
min-content|
max-content|
auto
<inflexible-breadth> =
<length-percentage [0,∞]>|
min-content|
max-content|
auto
<length-percentage> =
<length>|
<percentage>
<track-repeat> =
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>] ,[<line-names>?<track-size>]+<line-names>?)
<fixed-size> =
<fixed-breadth>|
minmax(<fixed-breadth> ,<track-breadth>)|
minmax(<inflexible-breadth> ,<fixed-breadth>)
<fixed-repeat> =
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>] ,[<line-names>?<fixed-size>]+<line-names>?)
<auto-repeat> =
repeat([auto-fill|auto-fit] ,[<line-names>?<fixed-size>]+<line-names>?)
<name-repeat> =
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>|auto-fill] ,<line-names>+)
<fixed-breadth> =
<length-percentage [0,∞]>
示例
CSS
css
#page { display: grid; width: 100%; height: 200px; grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right] [main-left] "nav main" 1fr [main-right] [footer-left] "nav foot" 30px [footer-right] / 120px 1fr;}header { background-color: lime; grid-area: head;}nav { background-color: lightblue; grid-area: nav;}main { background-color: yellow; grid-area: main;}footer { background-color: red; grid-column: foot;}HTML
html
<section> <header>Header</header> <nav>Navigation</nav> <main>Main area</main> <footer>Footer</footer></section>结果
规范
| Specification |
|---|
| CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2 # explicit-grid-shorthand |
| 初始值 | 该简写所对应的每个属性：
|
|---|---|
| 适用元素 | 网格容器 |
| 是否是继承属性 | 否 |
| Percentages | 该简写所对应的每个属性：
|
| 计算值 | 该简写所对应的每个属性：
|
| 动画类型 | 该简写所对应的每个属性：
|
浏览器兼容性
参见
相关 CSS 属性：
grid-template-rows、grid-template-columns、grid-template-areas网格布局指导：
视频教程：_Grid Template shorthand_