The JavaScript exception "null (or undefined) has no properties" occurs when youattempt to access properties ofnull andundefined. Theydon't have any.

Message

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'x') (V8-based)TypeError: Cannot destructure 'x' as it is undefined. (V8-based)TypeError: Cannot destructure property 'x' of 'y' as it is undefined. (V8-based)TypeError: null has no properties (Firefox)TypeError: undefined has no properties (Firefox)TypeError: undefined is not an object (evaluating 'undefined.x') (Safari)TypeError: Right side of assignment cannot be destructured (Safari)

Error type

TypeError.

What went wrong?

Bothnull andundefined have no properties you could access. Therefore, you cannot useproperty accessors on them, ordestructure them.

Examples

null and undefined have no properties

null.foo;// TypeError: null has no propertiesundefined.bar;// TypeError: undefined has no properties

See also

• null
• undefined