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<var>: The Variable element

BaselineWidely available

The<var>HTML element represents the name of a variable in a mathematical expression or a programming context. It's typically presented using an italicized version of the current typeface, although that behavior is browser-dependent.

Try it

<p>  The volume of a box is <var>l</var> × <var>w</var> × <var>h</var>, where  <var>l</var> represents the length, <var>w</var> the width and  <var>h</var> the height of the box.</p>
var {  font-weight: bold;}

Attributes

This element only includes theglobal attributes.

Usage notes

Related elements

Other elements that are used in contexts in which<var> is commonly used include:

  • <code>: The HTML Code element
  • <kbd>: The HTML Keyboard input element
  • <samp>: The HTML Sample Output element

If you encounter code that is mistakenly using<var> for style purposes rather than semantic purposes, you should either use a<span> with appropriate CSS or, an appropriate semantic element among the following:

Default style

Most browsers applyfont-style to"italic" when rendering<var>. This can be overridden in CSS, like this:

css
var {  font-style: normal;}

Examples

Basic example

Here's a basic example, using<var> to denote variable names in a mathematical equation.

html
<p>An algebraic equation: <var>x</var> = <var>y</var> + 2</p>

Result

Overriding the default style

Using CSS, you can override the default style for the<var> element. In this example, variable names are rendered in bold, using Courier if it's available, otherwise it falls back to the default monospace font.

CSS

css
var {  font:    bold 15px "Courier",    "Courier New",    monospace;}

HTML

html
<p>  The variables <var>minSpeed</var> and <var>maxSpeed</var> control the minimum  and maximum speed of the apparatus in revolutions per minute (RPM).</p>

This HTML uses<var> to enclose the names of two variables.

Result

Technical summary

Content categoriesFlow content,phrasing content, palpable content.
Permitted contentPhrasing content.
Tag omissionNone, both the starting and ending tag are mandatory.
Permitted parents Any element that acceptsphrasing content.
Implicit ARIA roleNo corresponding role
Permitted ARIA rolesAny
DOM interfaceHTMLElement

Specifications

Specification
HTML
# the-var-element

Browser compatibility

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