TheHTMLInputElement interface provides special properties and methods for manipulating the options, layout, and presentation of<input> elements.

Instance properties

Also inherits properties from its parent interface,HTMLElement.

Some properties only apply to input element types that support the corresponding attributes.

alignDeprecated

A string that represents the alignment of the element.Use CSS instead.

alphaExperimental

A boolean that represents the element'salpha attribute, indicating whether the color's alpha component can be manipulated by the end user and does not have to be fully opaque.

colorSpaceExperimental

A string that represents the element'scolorspace attribute, indicating thecolor space of the serialized CSS color (sRGB or display-p3).

defaultValue

A string that represents the default value as originally specified in the HTML that created this object.

dirName

A string that represents the directionality of the element.

incrementalNon-standard

A boolean that represents the search event fire mode, iftrue, fires on every keypress, or on clicking the cancel button; otherwise fires when pressingEnter.

labelsRead only

Returns a list of<label> elements that are labels for this element.

listRead only

Returns the element pointed to by thelist attribute. The property may benull if no HTML element is found in the same tree.

multiple

A boolean that represents the element'smultiple attribute, indicating whether more than one value is possible (e.g., multiple files).

name

A string that represents the element'sname attribute, containing a name that identifies the element when submitting the form.

popoverTargetAction

Gets and sets the action to be performed ("hide","show", or"toggle") on a popover element being controlled by an<input> element oftype="button". It reflects the value of thepopovertargetaction HTML attribute.

popoverTargetElement

Gets and sets the popover element to control via an<input> element oftype="button". The JavaScript equivalent of thepopovertarget HTML attribute.

step

A string that represents the element'sstep attribute, which works withmin andmax to limit the increments at which a numeric or date-time value can be set. It can be the stringany or a positive floating point number. If this is not set toany, the control accepts only values at multiples of the step value greater than the minimum.

type

A string that represents the element'stype attribute, indicating the type of control to display. For possible values, see the documentation for thetype attribute.

useMapDeprecated

A string that represents a client-side image map.

value

A string that represents the current value of the control. If the user enters a value different from the value expected, this may return an empty string.

valueAsDate

ADate that represents the value of the element, interpreted as a date, ornull if conversion is not possible.

valueAsNumber

A number that represents the value of the element, interpreted as one of the following, in order: A time value, a number, orNaN if conversion is impossible.

Instance properties related to the parent form

formRead only

Returns a reference to the parent<form> element.

formAction

A string that represents the element'sformaction attribute, containing the URL of a program that processes information submitted by the element. This overrides theaction attribute of the parent form.

formEnctype

A string that represents the element'sformenctype attribute, containing the type of content that is used to submit the form to the server. This overrides theenctype attribute of the parent form.

formMethod

A string that represents the element'sformmethod attribute, containing the HTTP method that the browser uses to submit the form. This overrides themethod attribute of the parent form.

formNoValidate

A boolean that represents the element'sformnovalidate attribute, indicating that the form is not to be validated when it is submitted. This overrides thenovalidate attribute of the parent form.

formTarget

A string that represents the element'sformtarget attribute, containing a name or keyword indicating where to display the response that is received after submitting the form. This overrides thetarget attribute of the parent form.

Instance properties that apply to any type of input element that is not hidden

disabled

A boolean that represents the element'sdisabled attribute, indicating that the control is not available for interaction. The input values will not be submitted with the form. See alsoreadonly.

required

A boolean that represents the element'srequired attribute, indicating that the user must fill in a value before submitting a form.

validationMessageRead only

Returns a localized message that describes the validation constraints that the control does not satisfy (if any). This is the empty string if the control is not a candidate for constraint validation (willValidate isfalse), or it satisfies its constraints. This value can be set by thesetCustomValidity() method.

validityRead only

Returns the element's current validity state.

willValidateRead only

Returns whether the element is a candidate for constraint validation. It isfalse if any conditions bar it from constraint validation, including: itstype is one ofhidden,reset orbutton, it has a<datalist> ancestor or itsdisabled property istrue.

Instance properties that apply only to elements of type checkbox or radio

checked

A boolean that represents the current state of the element.

defaultChecked

A boolean that represents the default state of a radio button or checkbox as originally specified in HTML that created this object.

indeterminate

A boolean that represents whether the checkbox or radio button is in indeterminate state. For checkboxes, the effect is that the appearance of the checkbox is obscured/greyed in some way as to indicate its state is indeterminate (not checked but not unchecked). Does not affect the value of thechecked attribute, and clicking the checkbox will set the value to false.

Instance properties that apply only to elements of type image

alt

A string that represents the element'salt attribute, containing alternative text to use.

height

A string that represents the element'sheight attribute, which defines the height of the image displayed for the button.

src

A string that represents the element'ssrc attribute, which specifies a URI for the location of an image to display on the graphical submit button.

width

A string that represents the element'swidth attribute, which defines the width of the image displayed for the button.

Instance properties that apply only to elements of type file

accept

A string that represents the element'saccept attribute, containing comma-separated list of file types that can be selected.

capture

A string that represents the element'scapture attribute, indicating the media capture input method in file upload controls.

files

AFileList that represents the files selected for upload.

webkitdirectory

A boolean that represents thewebkitdirectory attribute. Iftrue, the file-system-picker interface only accepts directories instead of files.

webkitEntriesRead only

Describes the currently selected files or directories.

Instance properties that apply only to visible elements containing text or numbers

autocomplete

A string that represents the element'sautocomplete attribute, indicating whether the value of the control can be automatically completed by the browser.

max

A string that represents the element'smax attribute, containing the maximum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be less than its minimum (min attribute) value.

maxLength

A number that represents the element'smaxlength attribute, containing the maximum number of characters (in Unicode code points) that the value can have.

min

A string that represents the element'smin attribute, containing the minimum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be greater than its maximum (max attribute) value.

minLength

A number that represents the element'sminlength attribute, containing the minimum number of characters (in Unicode code points) that the value can have.

pattern

A string that represents the element'spattern attribute, containing a regular expression that the control's value is checked against. Use thetitle attribute to describe the pattern to help the user. This attribute only applies when the value of thetype attribute istext,search,tel,url oremail.

placeholder

A string that represents the element'splaceholder attribute, containing a hint to the user of what can be entered in the control. The placeholder text must not contain carriage returns or line-feeds. This attribute only applies when the value of thetype attribute istext,search,tel,url oremail.

readOnly

A boolean that represents the element'sreadonly attribute, indicating that the user cannot modify the value of the control. This is ignored if thetype ishidden,range,color,checkbox,radio,file, or a button type.

selectionDirection

A string that represents the direction in which selection occurred. Possible values are:forward (the selection was performed in the start-to-end direction of the current locale),backward (the opposite direction) ornone (the direction is unknown).

selectionEnd

A number that represents the end index of the selected text. When there's no selection, this returns the offset of the character immediately following the current text input cursor position.

selectionStart

A number that represents the beginning index of the selected text. When nothing is selected, this returns the position of the text input cursor (caret) inside of the<input> element.

size

A number that represents the element'ssize attribute, containing visual size of the control. This value is in pixels unless the value oftype istext orpassword, in which case, it is an integer number of characters. Applies only whentype is set totext,search,tel,url,email, orpassword.

Instance methods

Also inherits methods from its parent interface,HTMLElement.

checkValidity()

Returns a boolean value that isfalse if the element is a candidate for constraint validation, and it does not satisfy its constraints. In this case, it also fires aninvalid event at the element. It returnstrue if the element is not a candidate for constraint validation, or if it satisfies its constraints.

reportValidity()

Runs thecheckValidity() method, and if it returns false (for an invalid input or no pattern attribute provided), then it reports to the user that the input is invalid in the same manner as if you submitted a form.

select()

Selects all the text in the input element, and focuses it so the user can subsequently replace all of its content.

setCustomValidity()

Sets a custom validity message for the element. If this message is not the empty string, then the element is suffering from a custom validity error, and does not validate.

setRangeText()

Replaces a range of text in the input element with new text.

setSelectionRange()

Selects a range of text in the input element (but does not focus it).

showPicker()

Shows a browser picker for date, time, color, and files.

stepDown()

Decrements thevalue by (step * n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified.

stepUp()

Increments thevalue by (step * n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified.

Events

Also inherits events from its parent interface,HTMLElement.

Listen to these events usingaddEventListener() or by assigning an event listener to theoneventname property of this interface:

cancel event

Fired when the user cancels the file picker dialog via theEsc key or the cancel button and when the user re-selects the same files that were previously selected.

invalid event

Fired when an element does not satisfy its constraints during constraint validation.

search eventNon-standard

Fired when a search is initiated on an<input> oftype="search".

select event

Fired when some text has been selected.

selectionchange event

Fires when the text selection in an<input> element has been changed.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also

• HTML element implementing this interface:<input>