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A recursive definition is one which uses the word or concept being defined in the definition itself. Before applying recursion to programming, it is best to practice thinking recursively. Here I'm gonna to show you a good example for clarifying the purpose in detail.

Problem Statement:

The problem is finding the complement number of a binary format.

Example 1:

Input:

num = 5

Output:

2

Explanation:
The binary representation of 5 is 101 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 010. So you need to output 2.

Example 2:

Input:

num = 1

Output:

0

Explanation:
The binary representation of 1 is 1 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 0. So you need to output 0.

Constraints:

• The given integer num is guaranteed to fit within the range of a 32-bit signed integer.
• num >= 1
• You could assume no leading zero bit in the integer’s binary representation.

Python Solution:

classSolution:deffindComplement(self,num:int)->int:# Convert num to binary formatbinary_num=bin(num)[2:]# '101'# Get complement by replacing every '0' with '1'new_binary_num=binary_num.replace('0','1')# '111'# Convert binary complement to integerint_num=int(new_binary_num,2)# 7# Calculate the difference to get the complementdifference=int_num-num# 7 - 5 = 2returndifference

Explanation:

• Formatting the integer input to a proper binary to get processed, slicing it with[2:] to avoid the0b prefix as the output.
• To get the complement, we replace every '0' with '1'.
• We then turn it into the integer format again using the additionalint() argumentbase=2.
• Finally, we calculate the difference, which represents the complement of the binary sequence.

Additional resources:
For curious readers