General Coding Standards
- Meaningful Names:
- Use meaningful and descriptive variable and function names.
- Avoid abbreviations and single-letter names except for loop counters.
// GoodconstuserAge=25;functioncalculateTotalPrice(items){...}// Badconsta=25;functioncalc(items){...}- Consistent Naming Conventions:
- Use camelCase for variables and functions.
- Use PascalCase for class names.
constuserAge=25;functioncalculateTotalPrice(items){...}classUserProfile{...}- Avoid Repetition:
- Follow the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle by encapsulating repeated code into functions.
// GoodfunctioncalculateDiscount(price,discount){...}constprice1=calculateDiscount(100,10);constprice2=calculateDiscount(200,20);// Badconstprice1=100-10;constprice2=200-20;- Error Handling:
- Wrap API calls and other asynchronous operations in try-catch blocks.
asyncfunctionfetchData(){try{constresponse=awaitfetch('api/url');constdata=awaitresponse.json();returndata;}catch(error){console.error('Error fetching data:',error);}}- Edge Cases:
- Always consider edge cases and validate inputs.
functiongetUserAge(user){if(!user||!user.age){return'Age not available';}returnuser.age;}- Consistent Formatting:
- Follow a consistent code formatting style (indentation, spacing, etc.). Use tools like Prettier to automate this.
if(condition){doSomething();}else{doSomethingElse();}Code Organization
- Modularization:
- Break down the code into small, reusable modules or functions.
// utils.jsexportfunctioncalculateDiscount(price,discount){...}// main.jsimport{calculateDiscount}from'./utils.js';- Separation of Concerns:
- Separate different concerns (e.g., UI logic, business logic, data handling) into different files or functions.
// ui.jsfunctionupdateUI(data){...}// data.jsasyncfunctionfetchData(){...}// main.jsimport{updateUI}from'./ui.js';import{fetchData}from'./data.js';Best Practices
- Use Strict Mode:
- Always enable strict mode to catch common coding errors.
'use strict';- Use Constants:
- Use constants for values that do not change.
constMAX_USERS=100;- Avoid Global Variables:
- Minimize the use of global variables to avoid conflicts and unintended behavior.
// Good(function(){constlocalVariable='This is local';})();// BadvarglobalVariable='This is global';- Commenting and Documentation:
- Write comments and documentation to explain the purpose and functionality of the code.
/** * Calculates the total price after applying a discount. * @param {number} price - The original price. * @param {number} discount - The discount to apply. * @returns {number} - The total price after discount. */functioncalculateTotalPrice(price,discount){...}- Use Promises and Async/Await with Error Handling:
- Prefer using promises and async/await for asynchronous operations, and wrap them in try-catch blocks for error handling.
// GoodasyncfunctionfetchData(){try{constresponse=awaitfetch('api/url');constdata=awaitresponse.json();returndata;}catch(error){console.error('Error fetching data:',error);}}// BadfunctionfetchData(callback){fetch('api/url').then(response=>response.json()).then(data=>callback(data)).catch(error=>console.error('Error fetching data:',error));}- Object Destructuring:
- Use object destructuring to extract multiple properties from an object in a concise way.
// Goodconstvehicle={make:'Toyota',model:'Camry'};const{make,model}=vehicle;// BadconstvehicleMake=vehicle.make;constvehicleModel=vehicle.model;By following these standards, you can ensure that your JavaScript code is clean, maintainable, and efficient.
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