Creating Models in Django

#python #webdev #programming #django

🚀 Creating Models in Django

Django models define the structure of yourdatabase tables. Each model is aPython class that inherits frommodels.Model, and Django automatically creates database tables based on these models.

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1️⃣ Step 1: Create a Django App (If Not Already Created)

First, make sure you are inside your Django project directory and create an app:

python manage.py startapp myapp

Then,add the app toINSTALLED_APPS insettings.py:

INSTALLED_APPS=['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','myapp',# Add your app here]

2️⃣ Step 2: Define Models in`models.py`

Openmyapp/models.py and define your models. Here’s an example:

fromdjango.dbimportmodelsfromdjango.utilsimporttimezoneclassUserProfile(models.Model):GENDER_CHOICES=[('M','Male'),('F','Female'),('O','Other'),]name=models.CharField(max_length=100)# Text field with a max lengthemail=models.EmailField(unique=True)# Unique email fieldage=models.IntegerField()# Integer field for ageprofile_picture=models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_pics/',blank=True,null=True)# Image uploadgender=models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=GENDER_CHOICES)# Dropdown choicesdate_joined=models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)# Auto date fielddef__str__(self):returnself.name# String representation for admin panel

3️⃣ Step 3: Run Migrations

Django uses migrations to create the corresponding database tables.

Run these commands:

python manage.py makemigrations myapppython manage.py migrate

makemigrations → Converts model changes into migration files.
migrate → Applies those migrations to the database.

4️⃣ Step 4: Register Models in Admin Panel (Optional)

To make your models visible in theDjango Admin Panel, editmyapp/admin.py:

fromdjango.contribimportadminfrom.modelsimportUserProfileadmin.site.register(UserProfile)# Registers the model in the admin panel

Now, create asuperuser to access the admin panel:

python manage.py createsuperuser

Then, log in athttp://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/.

5️⃣ Step 5: Using Models in Django Views

You can nowfetch data from your models inviews.py:

fromdjango.shortcutsimportrenderfrom.modelsimportUserProfiledefuser_list(request):users=UserProfile.objects.all()# Get all user profilesreturnrender(request,'user_list.html',{'users':users})

🎯 Summary

✅Create an app →startapp myapp

✅Define models inmodels.py

✅Run migrations →makemigrations & migrate

✅Register models inadmin.py

✅Use models in views and templates