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7.8.2.1 Starting Multiple MySQL Instances at the Windows Command Line

The procedure for starting a single MySQL server manually from the command line is described inSection 2.3.3.6, “Starting MySQL from the Windows Command Line”. To start multiple servers this way, you can specify the appropriate options on the command line or in an option file. It is more convenient to place the options in an option file, but it is necessary to make sure that each server gets its own set of options. To do this, create an option file for each server and tell the server the file name with a--defaults-file option when you run it.

Suppose that you want to run one instance ofmysqld on port 3307 with a data directory ofC:\mydata1, and another instance on port 3308 with a data directory ofC:\mydata2. Use this procedure:

  1. Make sure that each data directory exists, including its own copy of themysql database that contains the grant tables.

  2. Create two option files. For example, create one file namedC:\my-opts1.cnf that looks like this:

    [mysqld]datadir = C:/mydata1port = 3307

    Create a second file namedC:\my-opts2.cnf that looks like this:

    [mysqld]datadir = C:/mydata2port = 3308

  3. Use the--defaults-file option to start each server with its own option file:

    C:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqld --defaults-file=C:\my-opts1.cnfC:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqld --defaults-file=C:\my-opts2.cnf

    Each server starts in the foreground (no new prompt appears until the server exits later), so you need to issue those two commands in separate console windows.

To shut down the servers, connect to each using the appropriate port number:

C:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqladmin --port=3307 --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root --password shutdownC:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqladmin --port=3308 --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root --password shutdown

Servers configured as just described permit clients to connect over TCP/IP. If your version of Windows supports named pipes and you also want to permit named-pipe connections, specify options that enable the named pipe and specify its name. Each server that supports named-pipe connections must use a unique pipe name. For example, theC:\my-opts1.cnf file might be written like this:

[mysqld]datadir = C:/mydata1port = 3307enable-named-pipesocket = mypipe1

ModifyC:\my-opts2.cnf similarly for use by the second server. Then start the servers as described previously.

A similar procedure applies for servers that you want to permit shared-memory connections. Enable such connections by starting the server with theshared_memory system variable enabled and specify a unique shared-memory name for each server by setting theshared_memory_base_name system variable.