exp¶

exp(x:array,/)→array¶

Calculates an implementation-dependent approximation to the exponential function for each elementx_i of the input arrayx (e raised to the power ofx_i, wheree is the base of the natural logarithm).

Note

For complex floating-point operands,exp(conj(x)) must equalconj(exp(x)).

Note

The exponential function is an entire function in the complex plane and has no branch cuts.

Parameters:

x (array) – input array. Should have a floating-point data type.

Returns:

out (array) – an array containing the evaluated exponential function result for each element inx. The returned array must have a floating-point data type determined byType Promotion Rules.

Notes

Special cases

For real-valued floating-point operands,

• Ifx_i isNaN, the result isNaN.

• Ifx_i is+0, the result is1.

• Ifx_i is-0, the result is1.

• Ifx_i is+infinity, the result is+infinity.

• Ifx_i is-infinity, the result is+0.

For complex floating-point operands, leta=real(x_i),b=imag(x_i), and

• Ifa is either+0 or-0 andb is+0, the result is1+0j.

• Ifa is a finite number andb is+infinity, the result isNaN+NaNj.

• Ifa is a finite number andb isNaN, the result isNaN+NaNj.

• Ifa is+infinity andb is+0, the result isinfinity+0j.

• Ifa is-infinity andb is a finite number, the result is+0*cis(b).

• Ifa is+infinity andb is a nonzero finite number, the result is+infinity*cis(b).

• Ifa is-infinity andb is+infinity, the result is0+0j (signs of real and imaginary components are unspecified).

• Ifa is+infinity andb is+infinity, the result isinfinity+NaNj (sign of real component is unspecified).

• Ifa is-infinity andb isNaN, the result is0+0j (signs of real and imaginary components are unspecified).

• Ifa is+infinity andb isNaN, the result isinfinity+NaNj (sign of real component is unspecified).

• Ifa isNaN andb is+0, the result isNaN+0j.

• Ifa isNaN andb is not equal to0, the result isNaN+NaNj.

• Ifa isNaN andb isNaN, the result isNaN+NaNj.

wherecis(v) iscos(v)+sin(v)*1j.

Changed in version 2022.12:Added complex data type support.