Maroons nyɛla ninvuɣ'shɛba ban yina Africanima ban be Americanima mini Island nima ban be India nima "Ocean" ka daa daa zo n-tiligi ka che dab'tali, ka di nyɛla bɛ tuhi mi bee "manumission" ka bɛ niŋ, ka me bɛ maŋmaŋa biɛhigu sheei. Bɛ mini "Indigenous peoples" tooi gabirila taba, ka bɛ kaya ni taɣa leei waligira[1]kamani Garifuna mini Mascogos.
Maroon, bɛ ni tooi che shɛli labi ka di nyɛla di ka la aʒianima pam, daa kpela Silimi'tiŋa kamani yuma din gbaai 1590s, French bachibuɣisirili puuni "marron",[2] din nyɛ 'feral' bee 'fugitive'. Din mini di bachinima ŋmebu nyɛ yim maa yoli, 'reddish brown' zaŋtimaroon gbunni bi yi polo zaŋ na hali ni yuma din gbaai 1700s, amaa dini tooi nyɛ di daa yila "maroon" niriba sani na.[3][4]
American Spanish bachi "cimarrón" gba tooi nyɛla din zani ti Siliminsili bachi "maroon" ni yina shɛli, ka di buɣisiri daba ban daa zo Florida biɛhisi sheei, "Great Dismal Swamp" din daa be Virginia mini North Carolina tarisi, Caribbean daba gbahibu tingbana,ni New World yaɣ'shɛŋa. Linguist Lyle Campbell yɛliya ni Spanish bachi din nyɛ "cimarrón" gbunni nyɛla 'yɔɣu, gamazuɣu' bee 'dabili ŋun zo'.[5] Yuma 1570s piligu, Sir Francis Drake's daa goya gili Spanish din be Panama ka "Symerons," daa sɔŋ o, din ni tooi nyɛ "cimarrón" ka bɛ sabi chirim.[3] Bala baŋda Leo Spitzer, yɛliya balli lahabali sabbu puuni,, "ningbuna niŋbu yi beni ni Eng.maroon, Fr.marron, ni Sp.cimarrón, Spain (bee Spanish America) di nyɛla din ni tooi zani dede n-ti England (bee English America)."[6]
Lala n lahi nyɛli, Cuban "philologist José Juan Arrom" nyɛla ŋun bo "maroon" ni yi shɛli na n-ti tooni gari Spanishcimarrón, din daa zaŋ tum tuma tuuli Hispaniola ni di zani ti "feral" niɣi, n naan yi zaŋ paai India daba ban zo n kuli zoya ni, ka zaŋ chaŋ yuma 1530s piligu din chaŋ ti kpe Africa daba ban gba niŋ lala kpee. O buɣisi ni American Spanish bachi yimina Arawakan bachi din nyɛ "simarabo" puuni, ka bɛ leei li 'fugitive', Arawakan balli ni, Taíno ni tɔɣisiri shɛli.[7][8][9][10][11]
New World ni, kamani di yi daa kuli daŋ, yuuni 1512, Africa daba daa zo Spanish n chaŋ ti pahi shɛba zuɣu bee ka bɛ daa bo bɛ maŋmaŋa biɛhigu shee.[12] Tuuli daba tuhibu daa niŋlaDominican Republic lache buu din daa nyɛ Admiral Diego Columbus ni su shɛli, Anashaara goli 26 December yuuni 1522, ka Admiral daa dahim li ka di bi viɛla.[13]: Tɛmplet:R/where Tuuli maroon tinsi din nyɛ Americanima dini daa kpala lala niŋsim ŋɔ nyaaŋa, dini daa niŋ ka lala daba ŋɔ shɛba daa tooi zo n-tili. Di daa lahi nyɛla daliri din yɛn ti Dominican yaa maroons ban daa chaŋ ti su maroon tuma Americanima sani. Sebastián Lemba, bɛ ni daa dɔɣi so Africa, daa tooi tuhi Spaniards di nasra yuuni 1532, ka daa naai noli ni Africanima shɛba o yuun poinaanu zaŋ tuhi Spanish dab gbahiriba ŋɔ. Din tooi niŋ ka Lemba daa nya maroons shɛba pahi o ma`n zuɣu kamani Juan Vaquero, Diego del Guzmán, Fernando Montoro, Juan Criollo ni Diego del Ocampo o dabili tuhibu saha. Dini daa niŋ ka maroons tuhi Spanish daabili, Spanish kpamba daa pilila maroon zobu ni bɛ ti fa island maa. Zaŋ kana 1540s, maroons daa tooi deei island maa puuni zaa, amaa yaɣ'shɛŋa din daa be east, north, ni western yaɣa din daa be island gba daa na nyɛla din yɛn kpe maroon sulinsi ni. Maroon[14] Dominican maroons nyɛla ban yɛn be island maa ni hali ni 17th century.[15][16]
Sir Francis Drake daa kalicimarrones pam o go n gili Spanish ni.[17] Kamani yuuni 1655, Africanima daa kpala tinsi inlandJamaica, ka zaŋ chaŋ 18th century, Nanny Town mini Jamaican maroon tinkpan shɛŋa daa pili maŋsulinsi zuɣu zabbu.[18]
Di ni daa niŋ ka Amerindians mini daba ban daa zo n tiligi daa laɣim taba bɛ daa booni ba la "maroons". Caribbean islands ni, bɛ daa kpala laɣisni islands, armed camps. Maroon daa niŋ wahala pam,[19] bindirigu nya n-di,[20] ni bɛ ni yɛn niŋ shɛ dɔɣi ka yɛligi.[21]
Tuuli maroon tinsi daa kuli bela yerayera. Zaŋ kana yuuni 1700, maroon daa zoya ka che islands. Biɛhigu daa niŋla tom pam zaŋti ba, di daa kuli ʒimi ni bɛ tiuhima ka lahi bɔri bindirigu.[21]Maroons so ŋun daa tooi mali yiko n daa nyɛ François Mackandal, ŋun daa nyɛ "houngan" bee "voodoo."[22]
Cuba tingbani ni, maroon tinsi daa be di zolona ni, luɣ'shɛli Africa daba ni daa zo n-tiligi chaŋ ti pahi Taínos ni.[23] Pɔi ka pala daa naan yi ti mali chaŋ Puerto Rico.[24]
Maroon tinsi pam daa kpaya Caribbean (St Vincent miniDominica), amaa di shɛli da pa arisigu zaŋ ti British kamani Jamaican Maroons.[25] 17th century piligu, Jamaican Maroons daa kuli tuhirila British daba-gbahiriba sahakam, ka di daa ti tahi "First Maroon War" na (1728–1740). Yuuni 1739 mini yuuni 1740,British gɔmnanti zaŋti Colony of Jamaica, Edward Trelawny, daa dihi gbana ni ka lo ba alikaule ni2,500 acres (1,012 ha) luɣa buyi ni, Cudjoe's Town (Trelawny Town) din be western Jamaica mini Crawford's Town din be eastern Jamaica, din yɛn che ka bɛ che taba tuhibu.[26][27]: Tɛmplet:R/where
Maroon tinkura din daa be Spanish Caribbean daa na kuli beni zaŋ kana yuuni 2006, kamani Viñales, Cuba,[28] ni Adjuntas, Puerto Rico.
Zaŋ kana zuŋɔ, Jamaican Maroon nyɛla ban za bɛ gama zuɣu ka waligi ka che Jamaica tinsi.[18][29]
Ndyuka na kuli nyɛla din niŋ talahi ti Ndyuka mini saha ŋɔ Surinamese gɔmnanti, ka di daliri nyɛla dii buɣisila Maroons fukumsi din be "gold-rich inlands" zaŋit Suriname.[30][31][32]
Script error: The function"langx" does not exist. English: In short, the reports that I am contributing here confirm thatcimarrón is an Indian word of Antillean origin, which was already used in the first third of the sixteenth century, and which has come to be another of the many Antillanisms that the conquest extended throughout the breadth of the continent and made to reflect on the metropolis itself.
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