fromcollectionsimportnamedtuplefromfunctoolsimportwraps_CacheInfo=namedtuple("CacheInfo","hits misses maxsize currsize")defcache():"""Memoizing cache decorator.    Arguments to the cached function must be hashable.    View the cache statistics named tuple (hits, misses maxsize, size) with    f.cache_info().  Clear the cache and statistics with f.cache_clear().    """defdecorating_function(user_function,tuple=tuple,sorted=sorted,len=len,KeyError=KeyError):cache=dict()hits=misses=0kwd_mark=object()# separates positional and keyword args@wraps(user_function)defwrapper(*args,**kwds):nonlocalhits,misseskey=argsifkwds:key+=(kwd_mark,)+tuple(sorted(kwds.items()))try:result=cache[key]hits+=1exceptKeyError:result=user_function(*args,**kwds)cache[key]=resultmisses+=1returnresultdefcache_info():"""Report cache statistics"""return_CacheInfo(hits,misses,None,len(cache))defcache_clear():"""Clear the cache and cache statistics"""nonlocalhits,missescache.clear()hits=misses=0wrapper.cache_info=cache_infowrapper.cache_clear=cache_clearreturnwrapperreturndecorating_function# ----- Example ----------------------------------------------------------------if__name__=='__main__':@cache()deffib(n):ifn<2:return1returnfib(n-1)+fib(n-2)fromrandomimportshuffleinputs=list(range(30))shuffle(inputs)results=sorted(fib(n)fornininputs)print(results)print(fib.cache_info())expected_output='''[1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144,         233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181, 6765, 10946, 17711, 28657,         46368, 75025, 121393, 196418, 317811, 514229, 832040]         CacheInfo(hits=56, misses=30, maxsize=None, currsize=30)    '''