Use system insights to improve system performance
This page describes how you can use the Cloud SQL System insights dashboard.The System insights dashboard displays metrics for the resources that yourinstance uses and helps you detect and analyze system performance problems.
View the System insights dashboard
To view the System insights dashboard, do the following:
In the Google Cloud console, go to theCloud SQL Instances page.
- Click the name of an instance.
Select theSystem insights tab from the SQL navigation panel on the left.
The System insights dashboard opens.
The System insights dashboard shows the following information:
Your instance details
Events timeline:shows the system events, in a chronological order.This information helps you evaluate the impact of system events on the healthand performance of the instance.
Summary cards:provide an overview of the instance health and performance by displaying thelatest and aggregated values for the CPU utilization, disk utilization, andlog errors metrics.
Metrics charts: show theinformation about the operating system and database metrics that help you gaininsight into several issues, such as throughput, latency, and cost.
The dashboard offers the following high-level options:
- To create a customized dashboard, clickMode edit.
To keep the dashboard up to date, enable the
Auto Refresh option. When you enableAuto Refresh, the dashboard dataupdates every minute. This feature isn't compatible with customized timeperiods.The time selector shows
1 dayselected by default. To change the period,select one of the other predefined periods or clickCustom and define astart and end time. Data is available for the last 30 days.To create an absolute link to the dashboard, click theCopy Link button.You can share this link with other Cloud SQL users who have the samepermissions.
To create an alert for a specific event, clickNotification.
To display specific alerts, clickAnnotations.
Summary cards
The following table describes the summary cards displayed at the top of the SystemInsights dashboard. These cards provide a brief overview of the instance's healthand performance during the chosen time period.
| Summary card | Description |
|---|---|
| CPU utilization - P50 | The P50 CPU utilization values. |
| CPU utilization - P99 | The P99 CPU utilization values. |
| Disk utilization | The latest disk utilization value. |
| Buffer cache hit ratio | The percentage of pages found in the buffer cache without having to read from a disk. |
Metrics charts
A chart card for a sample metric appears as follows.
The toolbar on each chart card provides the following set of standard options:
To view metric values for a specific moment in the selected period, move thecursor over the chart.
To zoom in on a chart, click the chart and drag horizontally along the x-axisor vertically along the y-axis. To revert the zoom operation, clickReset zoom. Or, click one of the predefined time periods at the top of thedashboard. Zoom operations apply at the same time to all charts on a dashboard.
To view additional options, clickmore_vertMore chart options. Most charts offer these options:
To view a chart in full-screen mode, clickView in full screen. To exitfull-screen mode, clickCancel.
Hide or collapse the legend.
Download a PNG or CSV file of the chart.
View in Metrics Explorer. View the metric inMetrics Explorer.You can view other Cloud SQL metrics in the Metrics Explorer afterselecting theCloud SQL Database resource type.
To create a custom dashboard, clickeditCustomize dashboard and give it a name. Or, expand thePredefined menuand select an existing custom dashboard.
To view a metric chart's data in detail, clickquery_statsExplore data. Here, you can filter specific metrics and choose how thechart displays:
To save this customized view as a metric chart, clickSave to dashboard.
Default metrics
The following table describes the Cloud SQL metrics that appear by defaulton the Cloud SQL System insights dashboard.
The metric type strings follow this prefix:cloudsql.googleapis.com/database/.
| Metric name and type | Description |
|---|---|
CPU utilizationdatabase/cpu/utilization | The current CPU utilization represented as a percentage of the reserved CPU that's currently in use. |
Memory usagedatabase/memory/usage | The RAM usage in bytes. |
Total memory usagedatabase/memory/total_usage | The total RAM usage in bytes. |
Bytes useddatabase/disk/bytes_used | The data utilization in bytes. |
Disk quotadatabase/disk/quota | The maximum data disk size in bytes. |
Disk read I/Odatabase/disk/read_ops_count | The change in count of data disk read I/O operations since the preview reported metric. Sampled every 60 seconds. |
Disk write I/Odatabase/disk/write_ops_count | The change in count of data disk write I/O operations since the preview reported metric. Sampled every 60 seconds. |
Received bytesdatabase/network/received_bytes_count | The change in count of bytes received through the network since the preview reported metric. Sampled every 60 seconds. |
Sent bytesdatabase/network/sent_bytes_count | The change in count of bytes sent through the network since the preview reported metric. Sampled every 60 seconds. |
Buffer cache hit ratiodatabase/sqlserver/memory/buffer_cache_hit_ratio | The current percentage of pages found in the buffer cache without having to read from disk. The ratio is the total number of cache hits divided by the total number of cache lookups. |
Memory grants pendingdatabase/sqlserver/memory/memory_grants_pending | The current number of processes waiting for a workspace memory grant. |
Free list stallsdatabase/sqlserver/memory/free_list_stall_count | The total number of requests that waited for a free page. |
Pages Swapped In Countdatabase/swap/pages_swapped_in_count | The total count of pages swapped in of disk since the system was booted. |
Pages Swapped Out Countdatabase/swap/pages_swapped_out_count | The total count of pages swapped out of disk since the system was booted. |
Checkpoint pagesdatabase/sqlserver/memory/checkpoint_page_count | The total number of pages flushed to disk by a checkpoint or other operation that requires all dirty pages to be flushed. |
Lazy writesdatabase/sqlserver/memory/lazy_write_count | The total number of buffers written by the buffer manager's lazy writer. The lazy writer is a system process that flushes out batches of dirty, aged buffers (buffers that contain changes that must be written back to disk before the buffer can be reused for a different page) and makes them available to user processes. |
Page life expectancydatabase/sqlserver/memory/page_life_expectancy | The current number of seconds a page will stay in the buffer pool without references. |
Page operationsdatabase/sqlserver/memory/page_operation_count | The total number of physical database page reads or writes. This statistic counts physical page reads or writes across all databases. |
Page splitsdatabase/sqlserver/transaction/page_split_count | The total number of page splits that occur as the result of overflowing index pages. |
Deadlocksdatabase/sqlserver/transaction/deadlock_count | The total number of lock requests that resulted in a deadlock. |
Transactions starteddatabase/sqlserver/transaction/transaction_count | The total number of transactions started. |
Batch requestsdatabase/sqlserver/transaction/batch_request_count | The total number of Transact-SQL command batches received. |
SQL compilationsdatabase/sqlserver/transaction/sql_compilation_count | The total number of SQL compilations. |
SQL recompilationsdatabase/sqlserver/transaction/sql_recompilation_count | The total number of SQL recompilations. |
Processes blockeddatabase/sqlserver/connections/processes_blocked | The current number of blocked processes. |
Lock wait timedatabase/sqlserver/transactions/lock_wait_time | The total time lock requests were waiting for locks. |
Lock waitsdatabase/sqlserver/transactions/lock_wait_count | The total number of lock requests that required the caller to wait. |
Cloud SQL connectionsdatabase/network/connections | The number of connections to databases on the Cloud SQL instance. |
Login attemptsdatabase/sqlserver/connections/login_attempt_count | The total number of login attempts since the last restart of SQL Server service. This does not include pooled connections. |
Logoutsdatabase/sqlserver/connections/logout_count | The total number of logout operations since the last restart of SQL Server service. |
Connection resetsdatabase/sqlserver/connections/connection_reset_count | The total number of logins started from the connection pool since the last restart of SQL Server service. |
Log entrieslog_entry_count | The number of log entries, either written directly or routed to this project via project-sink, that are stored in at least one log bucket. By default, log entries are stored for 30 days. Excluded logs are not counted. |
Full scansdatabase/sqlserver/transactions/full_scan_count | The total number of unrestricted full scans. These can be either base-table or full-index scans. |
For more information, seeCloud SQL metrics.
Events timeline
The dashboard provides the details of the following events:
| Event name | Description | Operation type |
|---|---|---|
Instance restart | Restarts the Cloud SQL instance | RESTART |
Instance failover | Initiates a manual failover of a high availability (HA) primary instance to a standby instance, which becomes the primary instance. | FAILOVER |
Instance maintenance | Indicates that the instance is currently in maintenance. Maintenance typically causes the instance to be unavailable for 1 to 3 minutes. | MAINTENANCE |
Instance backup | Performs an instance backup. | BACKUP_VOLUME |
Instance update | Updates the settings of a Cloud SQL instance. | UPDATE |
Promote replica | Promotes a Cloud SQL replica instance. | PROMOTE_REPLICA |
Start replica | Starts replication on a Cloud SQL read replica instance. | START_REPLICA |
Stop replica | Stops replication on a Cloud SQL read replica instance. | STOP_REPLICA |
What's next
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Last updated 2025-12-17 UTC.