GQL data types

Graph Query Language (GQL) supports all GoogleSQLdata types,including the following GQL-specific data type:

Graph data types list

NameSummary
Graph element type An element in a property graph.
SQL type name:GRAPH_ELEMENT
Graph path type A path in a property graph.
SQL type name:GRAPH_PATH

Graph element type

NameDescription
GRAPH_ELEMENT An element in a property graph.

A variable with aGRAPH_ELEMENT type is produced by a graph query.The generated type has this format:

GRAPH_ELEMENT<T>

A graph element is either a node or an edge, representing data from amatching node or edge table based on its label. Each graph element holds aset of properties that can be accessed with a case-insensitive name,similar to fields of a struct.

Graph elements with dynamic properties enabledcan store properties beyond those defined in the schema. A schema changeisn't needed to manage dynamic properties because theproperty names and values are based on the input column's values. You can accessdynamic properties with their names in the same way as defined properties. Forinformation about how to model dynamic properties, seedynamic properties definition.

If a property isn't defined in the schema, accessing itthrough thefield-access-operator returns theJSONtype if the dynamic property exists, orNULL if the property doesn't exist.

Note: Names uniquely identify all properties in a graph element,case-insensitively. A defined property takes precedence over any dynamicproperty when their names conflict.

Example

In the following example,n represents a graph element in theFinGraph property graph:

GRAPHFinGraphMATCH(n:Person)RETURNn.name

Graph path type

NameDescription
GRAPH_PATH A path in a property graph.

The graph path data type represents a sequence of nodes interleavedwith edges and has this format:

GRAPH_PATH<NODE_TYPE,EDGE_TYPE>

You can construct a graph path with thePATH function or when you create apath variable in a graph pattern.

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Last updated 2025-12-17 UTC.