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Boro

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Boron
5B
-
↑
B
↓
Al
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
beryllium ←boron →carbon
Panagway
black-brown
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan,simbolo,kaiphanboron, B, 5
Paglitok/ˈbɔərɒn/
Kategoriyang elementometalloid
Group,period,block13, 2,p
Gibug-aton sa atomo10.81(1)
Kontorno sa elektron[He] 2s2 2p1
2, 3
Electron shells of boron (2, 3)
Electron shells of boron (2, 3)
History
PagkadiskobreJoseph Louis Gay-Lussac andLouis Jacques Thénard[1] (30 June 1808)
First isolationHumphry Davy[2] (9 July 1808)
Physical properties
Phasemagahi
Liquiddensity atm.p.2.08 g·cm−3
Melting point2349 K, 2076 °C, 3769 °F
Boiling point4200 K, 3927 °C, 7101 °F
Heat of fusion50.2kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization480 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity11.087 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)234825622822314135454072
Atomic properties
Oxidation states3, 2, 1[3]
(mildlyacidic oxide)
Electronegativity2.04 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)		1st: 800.6 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 2427.1 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 3659.7 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius90pm
Covalent radius84±3 pm
Van der Waals radius192 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurerhombohedral
Boron has a rhombohedral crystal structure
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[4]
Electrical resistivity(20 °C) ~106 Ω·m
Thermal conductivity27.4 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion(25 °C) (β form) 5–7[5] µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)(20 °C) 16,200 m·s−1
Mohs hardness~9.5
CAS registry number7440-42-8
Most stable isotopes
Main article:Isotopes of boron
isoNAhalf-lifeDMDE(MeV)DP
10B19.9(7)%*10B isstable with 5neutrons[6]
11B80.1(7)%*11B isstable with 6neutrons[6]
*Boron-10 content may be as low as 19.1% and as
high as 20.3% in natural samples. Boron-11 is
the remainder in such cases.[7]
·r

Angboro (Ininglesboron) mao angelementong kimiko satalaang peryodiko nga may simbolo ngaB ug kaiphan nga atomik 5. Ang boro mao angmetalloid.

Ang mga gi basihan niini

[usba |usba ang wikitext]
  1. ↑Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808)"Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique,"Annales de chimie [later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, pp. 169–174.
  2. ↑Davy H (1809)."An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory".Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.99: 33–104.
  3. ↑Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995)."Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF"(PDF).J. Molecular Spectroscopy.170: 82.Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z.doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑Lide, David R. (ed.) (2000).Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics(PDF). CRC press.ISBN 0849304814.{{cite book}}:|author= has generic name (help)
  5. ↑Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron".High Temp. Sci.5 (5): 349–57.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑6.06.1"Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved2008-09-21.
  7. ↑Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method".Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters.146 (3): 177.doi:10.1007/BF02165219.


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