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Birth. July 4, 1948, Zakho, Iraq. His birth name was Louis Sako. His name in Syriac is ܠܘܝܣ ܪܘܦܐܝܠ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܣܟܘ.

Education. He studied at the Seminary of Saint-jean, Mosul, directed by the Dominican Friars. He obtained a doctorate in Oriental Patrology at the Pontifical Oriental Institute, Rome. Later, he obtained a doctorate in History atLa Sorbonne University in Paris. He speaks Syriac, German, French, English, Italian, and Arabic.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 1, 1974, for the Chaldean Archeparchy of Mosul. Pastoral ministry in the cathedral of Mosul until 1979. Further studies in Rome and in Paris. Rector of the Patriarchal Seminary of Baghdad from 1997 to 2002.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Kerkuk of the Chaldeans, October 24, 2002. Confirmed, September 27, 2003. Consecrated, November 14, 2003, at the Monastery of Saint Hormizda of the Antonin Monks, by André Sana, archbishop emeritus of Kerkuk of the Chaldeans, assisted by Shlemon Warduni, titular bishop of Anbar, auxiliary of Babylon of the Chaldeans, and by Paulos Faraj Rahho, archbishop of Mosul of the Chaldeans. Elected patriarch of the Chaldeans with the name Louis Raphaël I on January 31, 2013. He received theecclesiastical communio from Pope Benedict XVI on February 1, 2013. On November 14, 2015, the Synod of Bishops announced that Pope Francis had named him as one of his three appointments to that body's council.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal patriarch in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta and the cardinalitial ring in that same consistory. On July 14, 2018, he was named one of the Presidents Delegate of the 15th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops programmed for October 3 to 28, 2018. On February 22, 2019, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialog. Named member of the Congregation for Catholic Education on September 29, 2021. Named member of the Council for the Economy, January 4, 2022. On February 19, 2022, when the pope accepted the request presented by Cardinal Sako on behalf of the Synod of Bishops of the Chaldean Church, approving the change of the title Patriarchate of Babylon of the Chaldeans to Patriarchate of Baghdad of the Chaldeans, he became patriarch of Baghdad of the Chaldeans. On February 18, 2023, the pope named him member of the Dicastery for Culture and Education.

Birth. April 19, 1944, Manacor, diocese of Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. His family has been rooted for generations in the Balearic Islands; perhaps his ancestors came from the Gulf of Policastro in the Kingdom of Naples. Son of Lorenzo Ladaria Caldentey, a physician, and Isabel Ferrer Rosselló.

Education. Attended the Jesuit College Nuestra Señora de Montesión in Palma de Mallorca. Later, he studied at the University of Madrid, where he obtained a licentiate in law in 1966. Entered the Society of Jesus on October 17, 1966; he studied philosophy and theology at the Pontifical University of Comillas, Madrid; he then studied theology atPhilosophisch-theologische Hochschule Sankt Georgen in Frankfurt, Germany, and some of his professors were Father Alois Grillmeier, S.J., future cardinal, Father Otto Semmelroth, S.J., and Father Herman Josef Sieben, S.J.; he did his graduate thesis in Rome with Father Antonio Orbe, a great patrologist, and had as professors Fathers Juan Alfaro, S.J. and Zoltan Alszeghy, S.J. Obtained a doctorate in dogmatic theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in 1975; his doctoral thesis was "El Espíritu Santo en San Hilario de Poitiers" at the proposition of Father Orbe.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 29, 1973. Further studies in Rome from 1973 to 1975. Professor of dogmatic theology at the Pontifical University of Comillas from 1975 to 1984. Professor of dogmatic theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University from 19084; its vice-rector from 1986 to 1994. Member of the International Theological Commission from 1992 until 1997. In 1995, he was named consultor of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. In 2004, he was named secretary-general of the International Theological Commission; occupied the post until April 22, 2009. Beginning in 2006, he led the commission's evaluation of the concept of limbo for the children who die without having received baptism and for whom the hope of salvation cannot be ruled out.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tibica and appointed secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, July 9, 2008. Consecrated, July 26, 2008 by Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, S.D.B., of the title of the suburbicarian see of Frascati, secretary of State, camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, assisted by Cardinal William Joseph Levada, prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, and by Vincenzo Paglia, bishop of Terni-Narni-Amelia. On November 13, 2008, he was named consultor of the Congregation for Bishops. On January 31, 2009, he was named consultor of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity. On October 26, 2009, he was appointed member of the Pontifical CommissionEcclesia Dei to bring the Priestly Fraternity of St. Pius X into full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. On January 5, 2011, he was named consultor of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral of Health Care Workers. On May 19, 2014, he received a doctoratehonoris causa from the Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain. On October 2, 2014, he received a doctoratehonoris causa from the Pontifical University of Comillas of Madrid, and at the same time it was presented his book-homageLa unción de la gloria: en el Espíritu, por Cristo, al Padre. On August 2, 2016, the Pope named him president of the Study Commission on the Women’s Diaconate. Named prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and president of the Pontifical CommissionEcclesia Dei, of the Pontifical Biblical Commission and the International Theological Commission on July 1, 2017. He is a patrologist and author of numerous monographies that have been translated into various languages, and of some eighty articles; he is a specialist in anthropological theology and in Trinitarian theology. On January 11, 2018, the pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of Sant’Ignazio di Loyola a Campo Marzio in that same consistory. Took possession of his deaconry on Sunday September 30, 2018, at 11:30 a.m. Ceased as president of the Pontifical CommissionEcclesia Dei on January 19, 2019, when the commission was abolished. On February 14, 2019, the pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity. On June 6, 2019, the pope named him member of the Congregation for Catholic Education. On August 6, 2019, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches. On November 11, 2019, the pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for Culture. On June 19, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for the Legislative Texts. On On February 18, 2023, the pope named him member of the Dicastery for Culture and Education.

Birth. January 4, 1954, Casarano, diocese of Nardò-Gallipoli, province of Lecce, Italy.

Education. Initially, he studied at the Seminary of Taranto; later, at the Major Roman Pontifical Seminary, completing his philosophical studies at the Pontifical Lateran University; and theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University, where he obtained a license in moral theology.

Priesthood. Ordained, April 12, 1980, in the parish of S. Domenico, Casarano, for the diocese of Nardò-Gallipoli. Incardinated in the diocese of Rome on November 28, 1983. From 1980 to 1983, he was collaborator in the parish of San Saturnino and professor of Religion. From 1983 to 1988, he was parochial vicar of the parish of San Saturnino. From 1988 to 1990, attached to the General Secretariat of the Vicariate of Rome and parish vicar of the parish of SS. Annunziata in Grottaperfetta. From 1989 to 1991, he was archivist of the Secretariat of the College of Cardinals. In 1989 he was admitted to the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulcher of Jerusalem with the rank of Knight. From 1990 to 1996, he was director of the Office of the Clergy of the Vicariate of Rome. From 1990 to 2003, he was spiritual director at the Pontifical Major Roman Seminary. From 2003, he was pastor of the Basilica of San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio and assistant for the diocese of Rome of the National Familial Association of the Clergy. Spiritual assistant of the Association "Don Andrea Santoro", December 1, 2007. He has been member of the Diocesan Presbyteral Council and of theCollegio of Consultors. In Lent 2014, he preached the meditations of the Spiritual Exercises of the Roman Curia. On September 1, 2014 he was placed in charge of the Service for the Permanent Formation of the Clergy.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Mottola and appointed auxiliary of Rome, September 14, 2015. Consecrated, November 9, 2015, by Pope Francis, assisted by Cardinal Agostino Vallini, vicar general of Rome, and by Cardinal Beniamino Stella, prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy. His episcopal motto isNihil Caritate Dulcius. Rector of the church of San Sebastiano al Palatino, Rome, April 29, 2016. Member of the Laziale Episcopal Conference (C.E.L.). Named vicar of the City of Rome, archpriest of the Papal Lateran Basilica, apostolic administrator of the suburbicarian diocese of Ostia and grand chancellor of the Pontifical Lateran University on May 26, 2017; he officially started his ministry on June 29, 2017. Promoted to titular archbishop of Mottola on May 26, 2017. Since 2017 he is the president of theOpera romana pellegrinaggi.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Marco in that same consistory. Took possession of his title on October 7, 2018 at 7 p.m. On July 11, 2019, he was named apostolic administrator,sede vacante, of the Apostolic Exarchate for the Ukrainian Catholic faithful of the Byzantine rite residing in Italy. On March 30, 2020, Vatican News informed that he was was admitted to Rome’s Agostino Gemelli Hospital after testing positive for Covid-19. He was the first Cardinal affected by the virus. He was released from the Hospital on April 10, 2020. On October 24, 2020, the Holy Father terminated the office of Apostolic Administrator,sede vacante, of the Exarchate for the Ukrainian Catholic faithful of the Byzantine rite residing in Italy that the Cardinal occupied since 2019.

Birth. June 2, 1948, Pattada, diocese of Ozieri, Sardinia, Italy. He has three brothers: Tonino, Francesco and Mario.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in canon law; later, studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy (diplomacy). Besides his native Italian, he knows French, English, Spanish and Portuguese.

Priesthood. Ordained, August 27, 1972, by Francesco Cogoni, bishop of Ozieri. He entered the service of the diplomatic service of the Holy See on May 1, 1984. He served in the papal nunciatures in several apostolic nunciatures, among them in the Central African Republic; in New Zealand; in Liberia; in the United Kingdom; and in the United States of America.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Roselle and named apostolic nuncio to Angola, October 15, 2001. Consecrated, December 1, 2001, amphitheatre of Pattada, by Cardinal Angelo Sodano, secretary of State, assisted by Paolo Romeo, titular archbishop of Vulturia, apostolic nuncio to Italy, and by Sebastiano Sanguinetti, bishop of Ozieri. His episcopal motto isCustos Sanctitatis Charitas. In addition he was named apostolic nuncio to São Tomé and Principe, November 15, 2001. Apostolic nuncio to Cuba, July 23, 2009. Named substitute of the Secretariat of State, May 10, 2011. Named special delegate of the Pope to the Knights of Malta on February 4, 2017. On May 26, 2018, the Pope appointed him prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints; he took possession of the office on the following August 31; in the meantime maintaining his role as Substitute for General Affairs of the Secretariat of State until 29 June, and continuing as special delegate to the Sovereign Order of Malta. He has received the following decorations:Knight, Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, April 18, 2015; Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Romania, ribbon for ordinary uniform Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Romania, 2015; Knight, Grand Cross of the Order of the Infante Dom Henrique (Portugal), ribbon for ordinary uniform Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of the Infante Dom Henrique (Portugal), April 23, 2016; Commander of the Legion of Honor (France), ribbon for ordinary uniform Commander of the Legion of Honor (France), December 1, 2016; Grand Conventual chaplainad honorem of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, ribbon for ordinary uniform Chaplain grand conventualad honorem of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, June 22, 2017.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of S. Lino in that same consistory. On August 31, 3018, he started his mandate as prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints. On the following day, he presided in Košice, Slovakia over the beatification of Anna Kolesárová, martyr of purity. On November 29, 2018, he was named special papal envoy to the Eucharistic Celebration which he presided on December 8, 2018, in the Shrine ofNotre-Dame de Santa Cruz in Oran, Algeria, on the occasion of the beatification of the martyrs Pierre Claverie, O.P., bishop of Oran, and eighteen companions (religious men and religious women). Took possession of his deaconry on Sunday January 20, 2019. On September 24, 2020, the Holy Father accepted his resignation from the charge of prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints and from the rights connected to the cardinalate. On July 3, 2021, it was announced that he is being prosecuted, pursuant to the law, for the crimes of embezzlement and abuse of office, also in collaboration, as well as subornation.

Birth. November 25, 1963, Łódź, Poland. The father was a primary school teacher in Łódź; and the mother was a professor at the Lodz University of Technology. Both his parents as well as his older brother are deceased. He was baptized on April 5, 1964 in the Divine Providence parish in Łódź.

Education. In 1982 he entered the Seminary of the Archdiocese of Łódź. He earned a degree in theology from the Catholic University of Lublin. He earned a Doctorate in Theology from the Pontifical University of S. Tommaso d'Aquina, Rome, in 1995 with a dissertation entitledL'ordinazione episcopale nella riforma del Concilio Vaticano II ("Episcopal ordination in the reform of Vatican II"). During his stay in Rome, he collaborated with the Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 11, 1988, by Władysław Ziółek, bishop of Łodź, in the cathedral basilica St. Stanislaus Kostka. After ordination, he served the diocese for two years in pastoral work. In 1990, he continued his studies at the Liturgical Institute of Sant'Anselmo in Rome. On March 5, 1993 he obtained his Licentiate in Sacred Liturgy. He earned a doctorate in theology from the Pontifical University of S. Tommaso d'Aquino in 1995 with a dissertation entitledL'ordinazione episcopale nella riforma del Concilio Vaticano II ("Episcopal ordination in the reform of Vatican II"). During his stay in Rome he collaborated with the Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff. He returned to his diocese in 1995 and served as master of ceremonies for the archbishop and taught liturgy at the seminary and to the Franciscans and Salesians. In 1998 he returned to Rome to work in the Office of Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff. On May 12, 1999, Pope John Paul II appointed him a papal master of ceremonies; occupied the post until 2013.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Benevento and appointed papal almoner, August 3, 2013. Consecrated, September 17, 2013, at the Papal Vatican Basilica of Saint Peter, by Cardinal Giuseppe Bertello, president of the Governatorate of Vatican City, assisted by Piero Marini, titular archbishop of Martirano, president of the Pontifical Committee for the International Eucharistic Congresses, and by Wladyslaw Ziółek, archbishop emeritus of Łódź. Pope Francis attended the consecration. His episcopal motto isMisericordia.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of Santa Maria Immacolata all’Esquilino in that same consistory. Took possession of his Deaconry on Wednesday October 24, 2018, at 6:30 p.m. On September 21, 2020, he was named member of the Cardinatial Commission of the Institute for the Works of Religion (IOR). On October 10, 2020, the pope named him special papal envoy to the celebrations of the centennial of the archdiocese of Łódź, Poland, programmed for December 12, 2020. On June 1, 2022, the pope named him member of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.

Birth. July 21, 1945, Amritsar (then British India), Lahore, Pakistan.

Education. Studied at Christ the King Seminary in Karachi. From 1973 to 1976, he studied at the Pontifical Urban College "de Propaganda Fide", obtaining a licentiate in Philosophy at the Urbanian University. He speaks English, Italian, German, French, Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi.

Priesthood. Ordained, January 9, 1971, by Felicissimus Alphonse Raeymaeckers, O.F.M. Cap., bishop of Lahore. Further studies in Rome from 1973 to 1976.

Episcopate. Elected coadjutor bishop of Hyderabad, May 5, 1988. Consecrated, September 16, 1988, cathedral of the Sacred Heart, Lahore, by Bonaventure Patrick Paul,O.F.M., bishop of Hyderabad, assisted by Armando Trindade, bishop of Lahore, and by Emmanuel Gerada, titular archbishop of Nomento, apostolic pro-nuncio in Pakistan. Succeeded to the see of Hyderabad, September 1, 1990. Transfered to the see of Faisalabad June 27, 1998. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Karachi, January 22, 2012. President of the Pakistan Catholic Bishops Conference.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Bonaventura da Bagnoregio in that same consistory. Took possession of his title on Saturday September 29, 2018, at 6 p.m. On February 11, 2021, the Holy Father accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Karachi. To succeed him the pope named Benny Mario Travas, until then bishop of Multan.

Birth. May 5, 1947, Tronco, Chaves, Viana do Castelo, Portugal. Son of Serafim Augusto Marto and Maria da Purificação Correia dos Santos.

Education. Studied Humanities and Theology at the Seminary of Vila Real; and was later transferred to the Major Seminary of Porto.

Priesthood. Ordained, Sunday November 7, 1971, in Rome, by Patriarch António Ribeiro in the chapel ofPontifício Colégio Português. Still in Rome, he specialized in Systematic Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University. He concluded his doctorate in 1977 with a thesis on "Esperança cristã e futuro do homem. Doutrina escatológica do Concílio Vaticano II". In 1977, he returned to Portugal. He was a lecturer at the Major Seminary of Porto; professor of Theology at the Institute of Human and Theological Sciences-Porto; at the Center for Catholic Culture of Porto; at the Faculty of Theology of the Portuguese Catholic University (UCP); and at the Faculty of Law of that same university. He was Deputy Director of the Faculty of Theology of the Portuguese Catholic University, in the Regional Nucleus of Porto; member of the Scientific Society of UCP and of the European Association of Catholic Theologians. He has collaborated in the journals "Humanistic and Theological", "Communio" and "Theologica". In the pastoral field he was a regular collaborator in the parish of Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Porto; and in the parish of Bom Jesus de Matosinhos. Worked with the Movement of Catholic Students (MCE) and with the Catholic Worker League (LOC). He also worked in adult catechesis in the Diocese of Porto and, in collaboration with the auxiliary bishop of Porto, Manuel Pelino Domingues, published the book "Catechesis para el Povo de Deus", in 2 volumes.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Bladia and named auxiliary of Braga, November 10, 2000. Consecrated, February 11, 2001, at the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Vila Real, by Joaquim Gonçalves, bishop of Vila Real, assisted by Jorge Ferreira da Costa Ortiga, archbishop of Braga, and by Gilberto Délio Gonçalves Canavarro dos Reis, bishop of Santarém. His episcopal motto isServidores da vossa alegria. Transferred to the see of Viseu, April 22, 2004; he entered solemnly and took canonical possession on June 20 at the Cathedral of Viseu. He was president of the Episcopal Commission for Ecumenism and the Doctrine of the Faith. He was one of the two Portuguese Bishops present at the Synod of Bishops in October 2005. Transferred to the see of Leiria-Fátima, April 22, 2006. Apostolic administrator of Viseu from April 22, 2006 to the following July 23. He entered solemnly and took canonical possession on June 25, 2006. In September 2006, he wrote the pastoral letter "Descobrir a beleza e a alegria da vocação cristã", dedicated to vocations, which occupies the pastoral project of the diocese of Leiria-Fátima in the year 2006/2007. On May 11, 2010 he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Military Order of Christ. He received Pope Benedict XVI in the Shrine of Our Lady of Fátima during the apostolic visit to Portugal in 2010. He was a member of the Permanent Council of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference and delegate of the same conference to the Commission of Bishops of the European Community (COMECE), mandates valid between 2011 and 2014. He also received Pope Francis during his apostolic visit on the occasion of the Centenary of the Apparitions of Fátima and the canonization of Jacinta and Francisco Marto on May 13, 2017.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva in that same consistory. Took possession of his title on Sunday November 25, 2018, at 6:00 p.m. On January 28, 2022, the pope accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the diocese of Leiria-Fátima. To succeed him the pope named José Ornelas Carvalho, S.C.I., until then bishop of Setúbal. He was apostolic administrator until March 13, 2022, when his successors took posession of the see. On June 4, 2022, the pope named him special papal envoy to the closing celebrations of thePeregrinación Europea de Jóvenes, programmed for Santiago de Compostela, Spain, on August 3 to 7, 2022, on the occasion of the Compostelan Holy Year. On June 18, 2022, President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa of Portugal decorated him and Jorge Ortigo, archbishop emeritus of Braga, with the Grand Cross of the Order ofInfante D. Henrique. On Septembre 10, 2022, the pope named him special papal envoy to the 18th National Eucharistic Congress of Brazil, programmed for November 11-15, 2022, in the archdiocese of Olinda and Recife, Brazil. On February 15, 2023, the pope named him member of the Dicastery for the Causes of the Saints.

Birth. February 12, 1944, Lima, Perú. Second of the six children of Pedro Ricardo Barreto and Elvira Jimeno de Barreto.

Education. Entered the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in Lima on May 31, 1961. He studied Philosophy at the Jesuit faculty in Alcalá de Henares, Spain, from 1965 to 1967; then, studied Theology in the Seminary “San Antonio Abad” in Cusco; and in the Pontifical and Civil Faculty of Lima from 1969 to 1972. In addition, he has the title of "Educador" from the Pedagogical Institute Champagnat of Lima.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 18, 1971, for the Society of Jesus. Took his final vows as a Jesuit on October 3, 1976.He was professor and spiritual director inColegio Cristo Rey in Tacna and superior of the Jesuit Community of Tacna from 1976 until 1981; and from 1996 until 2001. Responsible for the youth pastoral and vocational of the Jesuit Province from 1982 until 1987. Superior of the Jesuit community of theJuniorado from 1982 until 1985. Superior of the Jesuit Community of Ayacucho from 1992 until 1995. Pastor and Coordinator of the Jesuit Apostolic Network of Tacna and Moquegua 1996-2001.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Acufida and named apostolic vicar of Jaén en Perú o San Francisco Javier on on November 9, 2001. Consecrated, January 1, 2002, church of San Pedro, Lima, by José María Izuzquiza Herranz, titular bishop of Cubda, former apostolic vicar of Jaén en Perú or San Francisco Javier, assisted by Luis Armando Bambarén Gastelumendi, S.J., bishop of Chimbote, and by Rino Passigato, titular archbishop of Nova Caesaris, apostolic nuncio to Perú. Took possession of the Vicariate on January 6, 2002. In January 2003, he was elected representative of the Bishops of the Jungle in the Permanent Council of the Peruvian Episcopal Conference. Also, he was elected Delegate of the Bishops of Perú before the Latin American Episcopal Conference, CELAM, celebrated in Paraguay. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Huancayo, July 17, 2004; he was installed the following September 5. He received the pallium from Pope Benedict XVI om June 29, 2005, in the Papal Vatican Basilica. In October 2005, he participated in the Synod of Bishops on the Eucharist, celebrated in Rome, as delegate of the Peruvian Episcopal Conference. In the 87th Ordinary Assembly of the Peruvian Episcopate of January 2006 he was elected President of the Episcopal Commission of Social Action, CEAS 2006 - 2008. In May 2007 he participated in the Fifth Latin American Episcopal Conference in Aparecida, Brazil. At the 33rd Ordinary Assembly of the Latin American Episcopal Council - CELAM, on May 19, 2011, he was elected as President of the Department of Justice and Solidarity of CELAM. He has fought the mining industry over its environmental impact on La Oroya. He was vice president of the Panamazon Church Network and a member of the organizing committee for the Pan-Amazon Synod of Bishops. In the 99th Ordinary Assembly of the Episcopate of Peru, held from January 23 to 27, 2012, he was elected as First Vice-President of the Peruvian Episcopal Conference, for the period 2012-2015. On September 29, 2012, Pope Benedict XVI named him a member of the Pontifical CouncilIustitia et Pax. He has received several decorations for his work in favor of human and Indian rights.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Santi Pietro e Paolo a Via Ostiense in that same consistory. He took possession of his title on March 10, 2019. On September 7, 2019, he was named one of the three president delegates of the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for the Pan-Amazonian Region programmed in the Vatican from October 6 to 27, 2019. Elected member of the Special Council of the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for the Pan-Amazonian Region on November 23, 2019. President of theRed Eclesial Panamazónica (REPAM), October 14, 2020; he will officially begin in his new charge on November 9, 2020 during the virtual assembly of REPAM. On January 18, 2022, he was reelected as first vice-president of the Peruvian episcopate. On March 8, 2022, he was named grand chancellor of the Pontifical University of Perú (PUCP) for a period of three years. On March 27, 2022 he was elected president of theConferencia Eclesial de la Amazonía (CEAMA) for the period 2022-2026.

Birth. August 19, 1948, in Venagrande, diocese of Ascoli Piceno, Italy.

Education. He entered the Episcopal Seminary of Ascoli Piceno on October 4, 1965, and completed his high school studies there, achieving classical maturity. In September 1967, Bishop Marcello Morgante, of Ascoli Piceno, sent him to study at the Pontifical Major Roman Seminary. He completed his philosophical and theological studies at the Pontifical Lateran University, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in philosophy and a license in dogmatic theology. Later he graduated in philosophy at the University of Macerata and in psychology at the University of Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, September 15, 1973, in the church of San Pietro Martire, Ascoli Piceno. From 1973 to 1975, he worked in the diocesan youth ministry; from 1973 to 1978, he was teacher of religion at the Ascoli Piceno State Scientific High School; from 1975 to 1985, he was director of the vocational diocesan center; from 1975 to 1996, he was the principal animator of the diocesan Movement of theOpera di Maria; from 1978 to 1997, he was professor of philosophy, pedagogy and psychology at the magistral section of the Ascoli Piceno State Classical High School; from 1981 to 1986: he was parish priest of Cerreto di Venarotta; from 1986 to February 15, 1998, he was parish priest of Trisungo; from 1991 to 1998, he was editor-in-chief of the diocesan bulletin; from February 15, 1998 to September 20, 1998, he was parish priest of the parish of Saints Peter and Paul in Ascoli Piceno. In various periods he was a lecturer at the diocesan school of theological formation for lay people. He was a collaborator of the Christian-inspired Family Counseling and a member of the diocesan pastoral council. For a three-year term, following a bishop's nomination, he was a member of the diocesan presbyteral council.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno, June 27, 1998. Consecrated, September 20, 1998, Basilica Monumentale San Francesco, Ascoli Piceno, by Silvano Montevecchi, bishop of Ascoli Piceno, assisted by Domenico Pecile, bishop emeritus of Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno, and by Marcello Morgante, bishop emeritus of Ascoli Piceno; he entered the diocese the following October 18. His episcopal motto isAnte Omnia Caritas. On March 23, 2005, he opened the first diocesan synod, which was closed on May 26, 2012. He established and inaugurated, on July 3, 2010, the Diocesan Museum of Sacred Art in Sezze; he also promoted the creation of a new diocesan curia in Latina. Promoted to the metropolitan see of L'Aquila, June 8, 2013. He received the pallium from Pope Francis at the Papal Vatican Basilica on June 29, 2013. He took possession of the archdiocese of L'Aquila on the following July 7.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini in that same consistory. On September 22, 2018, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City. On March 3, 2019, he took possession of his title. On April 27, 2019, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints. On April 8, 2020, the Pope named him president of a Study Commission on the female diaconate. On August 6, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Council for the Economy. On September 21, 2020, he was named member of the Cardinalial Commission of the Institute for the Works of Religion (IOR).

Birth. March 3, 1949, Tsuwasaki, apostolic prefecture of Nagasaki, Japan.

Education. After finishing his studies at "Lyceum Nanzan" in Nagasaki, he entered the Major Seminary Saint-Sulpice of Fukuoka.

Priesthood. Ordained, March 19, 1975, by Joseph Asajiro Satowaki, archbishop of Nagasaki, at Urakami Cathedral in Nagasaki. Parish vicar; parish priest; editor of the diocesan bulletin; head of the diocesan Commission for Social Communications; and vicar foraneous. He served as secretary general of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Japan from 2006 until his episcopal election.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Hiroshima, June 13, 2011. Consecrated, September 23, 2011, at the cathedral of of the Assumption of Mary, Hiroshima, by Joseph Atsumi Misue, bishop emeritus of Hiroshima, assisted by Leo Jun Ikenaga, archbishop of Osaka, and by Joseph Mitsuaki Takami, archbishop of Nagasaki. His episcopal motto isNon Ministrari Sed Ministrare. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Osaka, August 20, 2014. Installed, September 23, 2014.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Santa Pudenziana in that same consistory. On October 27, 2018 he was named special papal envoy to the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the erection of the archdiocese of Manila, Philippines, programmed for December 8, 2018 in the metropolitan cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. He took possession of his title on Sunday December 16, 2018 at 10:30 a.m.

Birth. October 31, 1931, Xalapa (Jalapa), México. Sixth of the nine children of Emilio Obeso, from Asturias, Spain, and Estela Rivera, from Las Vigas, Veracruz, México. He was baptized on the following December 14 by Father José Olivares, a native of Tatatila. He lived his first eight years of his life in the town of La Vigas.

Education. When he finished his primary education, he was admitted to the Seminary of Xalapa on January 23, 1944. When he finished the studies of Humanities, he was sent to Rome to study philosophy and theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University, residing at the PontificalColegio Pío Latino Americano. He completed a licenciate in philosophy and obtained a doctorate in theology.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 31, 1954, in Rome, by Octaviano Márquez, Archbishop of Puebla. He worked in the Seminary of Xalapa from 1955 to 1971 as prefect of philosophy and theology; spiritual director; and rector. At the same time, he was chaplain of the Convent of the Capuchin Nuns of the Most Holy Sacrament (now Franciscan Eucharistic Missionaries).

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Papantla, April 30, 1971. Consecrated, June 29, 1971, cathedral of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, Papantla, by Emilio Abascal Salmerón, archbishop of Xalapa, assisted by Manuel Pio López Estrada, former archbishop of Xalapa, and by Guillermo Ranzahuer González, bishop of San Andrés Tuxtla. Named titular archbishop of Uppenna and coadjutor of Xalapa, January 15, 1974. Succeeded to the see of Xalapa, March 12, 1979. President of the Mexican Episcopal Conference from 1982 to 1988; and again from 1994 to 1997. He was also a key figure in the rapprochements with the Mexican government that ended in the recognition of the churches and in the reestablishment of relations with the Holy See. Participated in the peace negotiations with theEjército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional which culminated with the San Andrés Agreements in 1996. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Xalapa, April 10, 2007.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 28, 2018; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Leone I in that same consistory. He had reached the age of eighty before becoming a cardinal, therefore, he was not eligible to participate in a conclave. Took possession of his title on July 1, 2018. He suffered a stroke and recovered in his last months at the Sanatoriums of San Francisco of Veracruz and Xalapa.

Death. August 11, 2019, at 8:40 p.m., in his residence in Coatepec, Veracruz. After learning the news of the death of the Cardinal, Pope Francis sent Hipólito Reyes Larios, archbishop of Xalapa, atelegram of condolence. His funeral took place in the metropolitan cathedral of Xalapa on August 13. He was buried in that metropolitan cathedral after the funeral .