(1) 1.CAFFARELLI-BORGHESE, Scipione (1576-1633)
Birth. 1576 , Rome. Of a patrician family. Only child of Marcantonio Caffarelli and Ortensia Borghese, sister of PopePaul V (1605-1621). Cousin of CardinalGiambattista Leni (1608). He is also listed as Scipione Borghese; and his last name as Borghese Caffarelli. With permission of Pope Paul V, considering that his family did not have a male descendant to assist him, Scipione adopted the last name and the arms of the Borghese family at his promotion to the cardinalate.
Education. Studied philosophy atCollegio Romano; and law at the University of Perugia, with the assistance of his uncle, the future pope.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of July 18, 1605 . Received the four minor orders on July 31, 1605; the subdiaconate on August 1, 1605; and the diaconate on August 5, 1605.
Priesthood. Ordained, August 7, 1605. Received the red hat and the title of S. Crisogono, August 17, 1605. Cardinalnipote. Secretary of Apostolic Briefs in September 1605. Superintendentnegotiorum Sanctae Sedis. Governor of Fermo on April 4, 1606. Legatea latere in Avignon and Comtat Venaissin on July 4, 1607. Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran basilica in 1607, and abbotcommendatario of S. Gregorio al Monte Celio, also in 1607 . Prefect of the S.C. of the Council in 1607. Abbotcommendatario of Subiaco from 1608. Librarian of the Holy Roman Churchad vitam, from June 11, 1609 until February 17, 1618. Grand penitentiary, January 5, 1610 to October 2, 1633.
Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Bologna, October 25, 1610. Consecrated, December 8, 1610, in the Sistine Chapel, Rome, by Pope Paul V, assisted by Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, bishop of Spoleto, and by Cardinal Giovanni Garzia Mellini, bishop of Imola. Never went to his see, governing it through a suffragan bishop. Resigned the government of the archdiocese of Bologna before April 2, 1612 . Prefect of Apostolic Briefs, 1612 (?). Prefect of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Grace, February 16, 1618. Resigned the office of librarian of the Holy Roman Church before February 17, 1618. Protector of Loreto, January 4, 1620. Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican basilica, 1620. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 11, 1621; confirmed for another year, January 10, 1622 until January 9, 1623. Protector of Germany, of Finland, and of several religious orders, among them the Dominicans (since 1606) and the Camaldolese. During the pontificate of his uncle, he accumulated extraordinary power, possessions and rents, both in Rome and in the countryside. Participated in theconclave of 1621, which elected Pope Gregory XV. Participated in theconclave of 1623, which elected Pope Urban VIII. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Sabina on August 20, 1629, retainingin commendam the title of S. Crisogono. Then, he retired from active public life. He was a protector of Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and ordered the construction of Palazzo Borghese (future Galleria Borghese), where he gathered an extensive and extraordinary art collection. The cardinal was also protector of Italian satirist Trajano Boccalini, who dedicated to himRagguagli di Parnaso in 1612. He wroteCarmina de cardinalibus a Paulo V creatis ac episcoporum ab eo institutorum præstantia. He was a close friend and protector of Cardinal Stefano Pignatelli.
Death. October 2, 1633, in his Roman palace . Buried in the tomb of his family in the patriarchal Liberian basilica, Rome .