Magna Carta ili "Velika povelja" bio je jedan od prvih svjetskih dokumenata koji su obavezali jednog suverena prema svom narodu da poštuje određena zakonska prava.
Ljudska prava sumoralni principi ili norme[1] za određene standardeljudskog ponašanja i redovno se štite u općinskom imeđunarodnom pravu[2] Općenito se shvataju kao neotuđiva,[3] temeljna prava "na koja osoba ima inherentno pravo jednostavno zato što je ljudsko biće"[4] i koja su "svojstvena svim ljudskim bićima",[5] bez obzira na dob, etničko porijeklo, mjesto, jezik, vjeru, etničku pripadnost ili bilo koji drugi status.[3] Primjenjiva su svugdje i u svakom trenutku u smislu univerzalnosti[1] aegalitarna su u smislu da su ista za sve.[3] Smatra se da zahtijevaju empatiju i vladavinu prava[6] i nameću obavezu osobama da poštuju ljudska prava drugih[1][3] i općenito se smatra da ih ne treba oduzimati osim kao posljedicu pravičnog postupka zasnovanog na posebnim okolnostima.[3]
Do kršenja ljudskih prava dolazi kada bilo koji državni ili nedržavni akter prekrši bilo koji od uvjeta UDHR-a ili drugog međunarodnog zakona o ljudskim pravima ili humanitarnom pravu. U pogledu kršenja ljudskih prava zakona Ujedinjenih naroda. Član 39 Povelje Ujedinjenih nacija imenuje Vijeće sigurnosti UN -a (ili imenovano tijelo) kao jedini sud koji može utvrditi kršenja ljudskih prava UN -a.[7]Generalna skupštinaUjedinjenih nacija je10. decembra1948. donijela i proglasilaUniverzalnu deklaraciju o ljudskim pravima. Poslije ovog istorijskog čina Skupština je pozvala sve države članice da objave tekst Deklaracije i da pomognu da se on rasprostrani, prikaže, čita i objašnjava naročito u školama i drugim vaspitnim ustanovama, u svim zemljama ili teritorijama bez razlike na njihov politički status.
Zvanični tekst Deklaracije može se dobiti na šest zvaničnih jezika Ujedinjenih nacija: arapskom, engleskom, francuskom, kineskom, ruskom i španskom.
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Cope, K., Crabtree, C., & Fariss, C. (2020). "Patterns of disagreement in indicators of state repression"Political Science Research and Methods, 8(1), 178–187.doi:10.1017/psrm.2018.62
Cross, Frank B. "The relevance of law in human rights protection."International Review of Law and Economics 19.1 (1999): 87–98onlineArhivirano 22. 4. 2021. naWayback Machine.
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Fomerand, Jacques. ed.Historical Dictionary of Human Rights (2021)excerpt
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Power, Samantha.A Problem from Hell": America and the Age of Genocide (Basic Books, 2013).
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Sepulveda, Magdalena; van Banning, Theo; Gudmundsdottir, Gudrun D.; Chamoun, Christine; van Genugten, Willem J.M. (juli 2004).Human Rights Reference Handbook (3rdizd.). University for Peace.ISBN9977-925-18-6. Arhivirano soriginala, 28. 3. 2012. Pristupljeno 8. 11. 2011.
Shelton, Dinah. "Self-Determination in Regional Human Rights Law: From Kosovo to Cameroon."American Journal of International Law 105.1 (2011): 60–81online.
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Shellens, Max Salomon (1959). "Aristotle on Natural Law".Natural Law Forum.4 (1): 72–100.
Shute, Stephen &Hurley, Susan (eds.). (1993).On Human Rights: The Oxford Amnesty Lectures. New York: BasicBooks.ISBN0-465-05224-X
Sobel, Meghan, and Karen McIntyre. "Journalists’ Perceptions of Human Rights Reporting in Rwanda."African Journalism Studies 39.3 (2018): 85–104.onlineArhivirano 7. 7. 2021. naWayback Machine
Steiner, J. &Alston, Philip. (1996).International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, Morals. Oxford: Clarendon Press.ISBN0-19-825427-X
Straus, Scott, and Lars Waldorf, eds.Remaking Rwanda: State building and human rights after mass violence (Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2011).
Sunga, Lyal S. (1992) Individual Responsibility in International Law for Serious Human Rights Violations, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.ISBN0-7923-1453-0
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123James Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,Human Rights. Retrieved 14 August 2014
↑Burns H. Weston, 20 March 2014, Encyclopædia Britannica,human rights. Retrieved 14 August 2014
↑Gary J. Bass (book reviewer), Samuel Moyn (author of book being reviewed), 20 October 2010, The New Republic,The Old New Thing. Retrieved 14 August 2014
