Topical Encyclopedia
Repentance is a fundamental concept in Christian theology, signifying a profound change of mind and heart that leads to a transformation of life. It involves turning away from sin and turning toward God, seeking His forgiveness and striving to live in accordance with His will. The Greek word for repentance, "metanoia," literally means a change of mind, indicating a complete reorientation of one's life.
In the Old Testament, repentance is often associated with the Hebrew word "shuv," meaning to return or turn back. This concept is vividly illustrated in the prophetic calls to Israel to return to the Lord and abandon their sinful ways. For instance, in
Joel 2:12-13 , the prophet urges, "Even now," declares the LORD, "return to Me with all your heart, with fasting, weeping, and mourning. Rend your hearts and not your garments. Return to the LORD your God, for He is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion."
The New Testament continues this theme, emphasizing repentance as essential for salvation. John the Baptist's ministry was marked by a call to repentance, preparing the way for Jesus Christ. In
Matthew 3:2 , John proclaims, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near." Jesus Himself began His ministry with a similar message, as recorded in
Matthew 4:17 : "From that time on Jesus began to preach, 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.'"
Repentance is not merely an emotional response but involves a decisive act of the will. It is a recognition of one's sinfulness and a sincere desire to change. In
Acts 2:38 , Peter instructs the crowd, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."
The Apostle Paul also emphasizes the importance of repentance in the life of a believer. In
Acts 26:20 , he recounts his message to both Jews and Gentiles: "I preached that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds worthy of their repentance." This underscores that true repentance results in a transformed life, evidenced by actions that reflect a commitment to God's ways.
ReverenceReverence is a deep respect and awe for God, recognizing His majesty, holiness, and authority. It is an attitude of the heart that acknowledges God's supreme position and responds with worship, obedience, and humility. Reverence is foundational to a proper relationship with God and is a recurring theme throughout Scripture.
In the Old Testament, reverence is often expressed through the fear of the Lord, a concept that encompasses awe, respect, and a recognition of God's power and righteousness.
Proverbs 9:10 states, "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, and knowledge of the Holy One is understanding." This fear is not a paralyzing dread but a reverential awe that leads to wisdom and righteous living.
The Psalms frequently highlight the importance of reverence in worship.
Psalm 89:7 declares, "In the council of the holy ones, God is greatly feared, and awesome above all who surround Him." This reverence is expressed through worship, prayer, and a life that honors God.
In the New Testament, reverence is exemplified in the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
Hebrews 5:7 describes Jesus' own reverence in His earthly ministry: "During the days of Jesus’ earthly life, He offered up prayers and petitions with loud cries and tears to the One who could save Him from death, and He was heard because of His reverence." Jesus' example teaches believers the importance of approaching God with humility and respect.
The Apostle Paul also emphasizes reverence in the life of believers. In
Ephesians 5:21 , he instructs, "Submit to one another out of reverence for Christ." This mutual submission is a reflection of the reverence believers have for Christ, influencing their relationships and interactions with others.
Reverence is not limited to formal acts of worship but permeates every aspect of a believer's life. It is a recognition of God's presence and authority in all things, leading to a life of obedience and devotion. In
1 Peter 3:15 , believers are encouraged to "sanctify Christ as Lord in your hearts, always being prepared to give a defense to everyone who asks you the reason for the hope that is in you, but respond with gentleness and respect." This verse highlights the connection between reverence for Christ and the way believers live and witness to others.
