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The consecration of Aaron and his sons as priests is a significant event in the history of Israel, marking the establishment of the Aaronic priesthood. This event is detailed in the Book of Leviticus, specifically in chapters 8 and 9, where God commands Moses to perform the consecration ceremony.

Biblical Context

The consecration ceremony follows the instructions given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai, as recorded inExodus 28-29. God had chosen Aaron, the brother of Moses, and his sons to serve as priests, mediating between God and the people of Israel. This priestly role was crucial for the spiritual life of the nation, as the priests were responsible for offering sacrifices, maintaining the Tabernacle, and teaching the Law.

The Ceremony

The consecration ceremony is meticulously described inLeviticus 8. Moses, acting under divine instruction, gathers the entire assembly at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. The ceremony involves several key elements:

1.Washing and Vestments: Aaron and his sons are washed with water, symbolizing purification (Leviticus 8:6). Moses then clothes Aaron with the priestly garments, including the tunic, robe, ephod, breastpiece, and turban, as prescribed by God (Leviticus 8:7-9).

2.Anointing: Moses anoints the Tabernacle and all its furnishings with oil, consecrating them. He then pours anointing oil on Aaron's head, signifying his sanctification and setting apart for holy service (Leviticus 8:10-12).

3.Sacrifices: A series of sacrifices are offered, including a bull for a sin offering, two rams for a burnt offering and an ordination offering, and unleavened bread (Leviticus 8:14-29). These sacrifices symbolize atonement, dedication, and the priests' commitment to their sacred duties.

4.Blood Rituals: Moses applies the blood of the sacrifices to Aaron and his sons, placing it on their right ears, thumbs, and big toes. This act signifies the consecration of their entire being—what they hear, do, and where they go—to the service of God (Leviticus 8:23-24).

5.Seven-Day Ordination: Aaron and his sons remain at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting for seven days, completing their ordination. This period underscores the completeness and perfection of their consecration (Leviticus 8:33-35).

The Inauguration of Priestly Ministry

Leviticus 9 describes the beginning of Aaron's ministry as high priest. On the eighth day, Aaron offers sacrifices for himself and the people, following God's commands. The climax of this event occurs when "the glory of the LORD appeared to all the people" and fire from the LORD consumes the offerings on the altar, signifying divine approval (Leviticus 9:23-24).

Theological Significance

The consecration of Aaron and his sons establishes the priesthood as a divinely ordained institution, essential for maintaining the covenant relationship between God and Israel. The detailed rituals emphasize the holiness required of those who approach God on behalf of the people. This event foreshadows the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who offers Himself as the perfect sacrifice, mediating a new covenant between God and humanity.

References in Scripture

·Exodus 28-29: Instructions for the priestly garments and consecration.
·Leviticus 8-9: The consecration ceremony and the beginning of Aaron's ministry.
·Hebrews 5:1-10: Christ as the ultimate High Priest.

The consecration of Aaron and his sons is a foundational moment in the biblical narrative, illustrating the necessity of holiness, obedience, and divine appointment in the service of God.