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◄ Moses: Joins Himself to Jethro, Priest of Midian►

Topical Encyclopedia

Moses, a central figure in the biblical narrative, is renowned for his leadership in the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. However, a significant yet often understated chapter of his life occurs during his time in Midian, where he joins himself to Jethro, the priest of Midian. This period is crucial in shaping Moses' character and preparing him for his future role as the deliverer of Israel.

Background and Context

After fleeing Egypt due to the murder of an Egyptian taskmaster, Moses finds refuge in the land of Midian. The Midianites, descendants of Abraham through Keturah (Genesis 25:1-2), were a nomadic people inhabiting the region east of the Sinai Peninsula. It is here that Moses encounters Jethro, also known as Reuel, who is described as the priest of Midian (Exodus 2:16-18).

Encounter with Jethro

Moses' initial encounter with Jethro's family occurs at a well, a common meeting place in ancient times. Moses defends Jethro's daughters from shepherds who attempt to drive them away, showcasing his sense of justice and protection (Exodus 2:17). Impressed by Moses' actions, Jethro invites him to stay with his family. This invitation marks the beginning of a significant relationship between Moses and Jethro.

Marriage to Zipporah

During his time with Jethro, Moses marries Zipporah, one of Jethro's daughters (Exodus 2:21). This union further solidifies Moses' connection to the Midianite priestly family. Zipporah bears Moses two sons, Gershom and Eliezer, whose names reflect Moses' experiences and relationship with God. Gershom, meaning "a foreigner there," signifies Moses' status as a sojourner in a foreign land, while Eliezer, meaning "God is my help," acknowledges divine assistance in his life (Exodus 18:3-4).

Jethro's Influence and Counsel

Jethro's role as a priest suggests he was a man of wisdom and spiritual insight. His influence on Moses is evident in several ways. Notably, Jethro provides Moses with crucial advice on leadership and governance. When Jethro visits Moses after the Exodus, he observes Moses' overwhelming burden of judging the people. Jethro advises Moses to delegate responsibilities, appointing capable men to serve as judges over smaller groups, thus allowing Moses to focus on more significant matters (Exodus 18:17-23). This counsel not only alleviates Moses' burden but also establishes a more efficient system of governance for the Israelites.

Spiritual and Cultural Exchange

Moses' time with Jethro and the Midianites likely exposed him to different cultural and religious practices. While the Bible does not provide extensive details on Midianite religion, Jethro's acknowledgment of Yahweh's supremacy after hearing of the Exodus (Exodus 18:10-12) suggests a recognition of the God of Israel. This interaction may have enriched Moses' understanding of leadership and worship, preparing him for his future role as a mediator between God and the Israelites.

Significance in the Biblical Narrative

Moses' association with Jethro and the Midianites serves as a formative period in his life. It is during this time that Moses transitions from a fugitive to a family man and shepherd, learning humility and patience. These qualities are essential for his later leadership of the Israelites. Moreover, Jethro's counsel exemplifies the value of wise mentorship and the importance of community in leadership.

In summary, Moses' joining with Jethro, the priest of Midian, is a pivotal episode that contributes to his development as a leader and prophet. This period of his life underscores the themes of divine providence, the importance of wise counsel, and the preparation necessary for fulfilling God's purposes.

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Exodus 2:15-22
Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelled in the land of Midian: and he sat down by a well.
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