Topical Encyclopedia
Definition and Nature:Hatred is a profound aversion or hostility towards someone or something. In the biblical context, it is often associated with sin and is considered contrary to the nature of God, who is love (1
John 4:8). Hatred can manifest in various forms, including enmity, malice, and bitterness, and is frequently condemned in Scripture.
Biblical References and Teachings:1.
Old Testament Insights: Hatred is first mentioned in the context of familial relationships, as seen in the account of Esau and Jacob. Esau's hatred for Jacob arose from the loss of his birthright and blessing (
Genesis 27:41). The Mosaic Law addresses hatred, emphasizing justice and love for one's neighbor: "Do not hate your brother in your heart. Rebuke your neighbor directly, and you will not incur guilt because of him" (
Leviticus 19:17).
2.
Wisdom Literature: The Book of Proverbs frequently contrasts hatred with love, highlighting the destructive nature of hatred: "Hatred stirs up dissension, but love covers all transgressions" (
Proverbs 10:12). This verse underscores the peacemaking power of love in overcoming discord.
3.
New Testament Teachings: Jesus Christ's teachings in the New Testament further illuminate the sinfulness of hatred. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus equates hatred with murder in the heart: "But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment" (
Matthew 5:22). This teaching elevates the moral standard, emphasizing internal attitudes over external actions.
The Apostle Paul also addresses hatred in his epistles, listing it among the "acts of the flesh" that are contrary to the Spirit: "The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage..." (
Galatians 5:19-20). Paul encourages believers to live by the Spirit, which produces love, joy, and peace.
4.
The Call to Love: The New Testament consistently calls believers to reject hatred and embrace love. The Apostle John writes, "Anyone who claims to be in the light but hates his brother is still in the darkness" (1
John 2:9). This passage highlights the incompatibility of hatred with the Christian walk, which is characterized by love and light.
Theological Implications:Hatred is fundamentally opposed to the character of God and the teachings of Christ. It is a barrier to fellowship with God and others, leading to spiritual darkness. The biblical call is to overcome hatred through the transformative power of the Holy Spirit, cultivating love, forgiveness, and reconciliation. The ultimate expression of love is found in Jesus Christ, who commands His followers to love their enemies and pray for those who persecute them (
Matthew 5:44).
Practical Application:Believers are encouraged to examine their hearts for any trace of hatred and to seek reconciliation where needed. The practice of forgiveness and the pursuit of peace are vital in overcoming hatred. By embodying the love of Christ, Christians are called to be agents of reconciliation in a world often marked by division and hostility.
Easton's Bible Dictionary
Among the works of the flesh (
Galatians 5:20). Altogether different is the meaning of the word in
Deuteronomy 21:15;
Matthew 6:24;
Luke 14:26;
Romans 9:13, where it denotes only a less degree of love.
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
(
n.) Strong aversion; intense dislike; hate; an affection of the mind awakened by something regarded as evil.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
HATE; HATREDhat, ha'-tred (verb, sane', "oftenest," saTam,Genesis 27:41, etc.; noun, sin'ah; miseo): A feeling of strong antagonism and dislike, generally malevolent and prompting to injury (the opposite of love); sometimes born of moral resentment. Alike in the Old Testament and New Testament, hate of the malevolent sort is unsparingly condemned (Numbers 35:20Psalm 109:5Proverbs 10:12Titus 3:31 John 3:15), but in the Old Testament hatred of evil and evil-doers, purged of personal malice, is commended (Psalm 97:10;Psalm 101:3; 139:21, 22, etc.). The New Testament law softens this feeling as regards persons, bringing it under the higher law of love (Matthew 5:43, 14; compareRomans 12:17-21), while intensifying the hatred of evil (Jude 1:23Revelation 2:6). God himself is hated by the wicked (Exodus 20:5Psalm 139:21; compareRomans 8:7). Sometimes, however, the word "hate" is used hyperbolically in a relative sense to express only the strong preference of one to another. God loved Jacob, but hated Esau (Malachi 1:3Romans 9:13); father and mother are to be hated in comparison with Christ (Luke 14:26; compareMatthew 10:37).
SeeENMITY.
James Orr
Greek
2189. echthra -- yesterday... hostility, alienation. Cognate: 2189 -- properly, enemy (
hatred, hostility);
enmity. See 2190 (). enmity,
hatred. Feminine of
...2190. echthros -- hostile
... 2190 -- properly, an ; someone (at ), animated byhatred. 2190 ("enemy"),
implies , proceeding out of a ""hatred on inflicting ()....
3404. miseo -- to hate
... Word Origin from misos (hatred) Definition to hate NASB Word Usage hate
(13), hated (12), hateful (1), hates (12), hating (2). hate....
Strong's Hebrew
8135. sinah -- hating,hatred... 8134, 8135. sinah. 8136 . hating,
hatred. Transliteration: sinah Phonetic
Spelling: (sin-aw') Short Definition:
hatred. Word Origin
...342. ebah -- enmity
... Word Origin from ayab Definition enmity NASB Word Usage enmity (5). emnity,hatred.
From 'ayab; hostility -- emnity,hatred. see HEBREW 'ayab. 341, 342....
4895. mastemah -- animosity
... Word Origin from satam Definition animosity NASB Word Usage hostility (2).hatred.
From the same as shotet; enmity --hatred. see HEBREW shotet. 4894b, 4895....
8130. sane -- to hate
... to hate NASB Word Usage detest (1), enemy (3), enmity (1), foes (1), hate (78),
hated (28), hated her intensely (1), hates (19), hating (2),hatred (1), turned...
Library
RighteousHatred
... RighteousHatred. A Sermon... THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION is a golden chain with which the
hands of men are fettered from allhatred. The spirit of Christ is love....
WhetherHatred Arises from Envy?
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES) Whetherhatred arises from envy? Objection 1: It seems
thathatred does not arise from envy. For envy is sorrow for another's good....
Whether Love is a Cause ofHatred?
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES) Whether love is a cause ofhatred? Objection 1:
It would seem that love is not a cause ofhatred. For "the...
WhetherHatred is a Capital Sin?
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES) Whetherhatred is a capital sin? Objection 1: It would
seem thathatred is a capital sin. Forhatred is directly opposed to charity....
WhetherHatred of God is the Greatest of Sins?
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES) Whetherhatred of God is the greatest of sins? Objection
1: It would seem thathatred of God is not the greatest of sins....
OfHatred (Six Articles)
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES). We must now considerhatred: concerning which there are
six points of inquiry: (1) Whether evil is the cause and the object ofhatred?...
Hatred Without Cause
...Hatred Without Cause. A Sermon (No.89). Delivered on Sabbath Morning, June 29, 1856,
by the. REV. CH SPURGEON. At New Park Street Chapel, Southwark....
TheHatred Felt by the Heathen against the Christians is Unjust...
... Book I. Chapter I. "TheHatred Felt by the Heathen Against the Christians
is Unjust, Because Based on Culpable Ignorance. [458] [459]...
Whether the Reason for Divorce wasHatred for the Wife?
... OF THE BILL OF DIVORCE (SEVEN ARTICLES) Whether the reason for divorce
washatred for the wife? Objection 1: It would seem that...
OfHatred (Six Articles)
... OFHATRED (SIX ARTICLES).... (2) Whetherhatred of God is the greatest of sins?
(3) Whetherhatred of one's neighbor is always a sin?...
Thesaurus
Hatred (30 Occurrences)... Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. HATE;
HATRED. hat
... See ENMITY. James Orr.
Multi-Version Concordance
Hatred (30 Occurrences). Matthew
...Objects (30 Occurrences)
... Matthew 10:22 And you will be objects of universalhatred because you are called
by my name; but he who holds out to the End--he will be saved. (WEY)....
Universal (7 Occurrences)
... Matthew 10:22 And you will be objects of universalhatred because you are called
by my name; but he who holds out to the End--he will be saved. (WEY)....
Nazarene (19 Occurrences)
... bitterness. It is hard to tell whether the appellation, on the lips of evil
spirits, signifies dread orhatred (Mark 1:24 Luke 4:34)....
Intense (13 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 13:15 Then Amnon hated her with exceeding greathatred; for thehatred
with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her....
Enmity (23 Occurrences)
... Easton's Bible Dictionary Deep-rootedhatred. "I will... 16). Noah Webster's Dictionary.
1. (n.)Hatred; hostility; unfriendly disposition. 2...
Contentions (20 Occurrences)
... (WEB KJV ASV WBS YLT). Galatians 5:20 idolatry, sorcery,hatred, strifes, jealousies,
angers, contentions, disputes, schools of opinion, (DBY)....
Amnon (23 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 13:15 Then Amnon hated her with exceeding greathatred; for thehatred
with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her....
Pontius (4 Occurrences)
... their blood. They returned hishatred with cordiality, and accused him of
every crime, maladministration, cruelty, and robbery. He...
Pilate (60 Occurrences)
... their blood. They returned hishatred with cordiality, and accused him of
every crime, maladministration, cruelty, and robbery. He...
Resources
What does the Bible say about self-hatred? | GotQuestions.orgWhat does the Bible say about hate? | GotQuestions.orgWhat is Christianophobia? | GotQuestions.orgHatred: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.comBible Concordance •
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