Topical Encyclopedia
Hashum is a name found in the Old Testament, associated with several individuals and a family lineage that played roles during the post-exilic period of Israel's history. The name Hashum is derived from a Hebrew root meaning "rich" or "wealthy."
1.
Return from Exile: Hashum is notably mentioned in the context of the return from the Babylonian exile. In the book of Ezra, Hashum is listed among the families who returned to Jerusalem and Judah with Zerubbabel.
Ezra 2:19 states, "the descendants of Hashum, 223" . This indicates that the family of Hashum was part of the initial wave of exiles who returned to rebuild the temple and restore the community in Jerusalem.
2.
Covenant Renewal: The descendants of Hashum are also mentioned in the book of Nehemiah during the time of covenant renewal.
Nehemiah 7:22 repeats the listing of the family of Hashum, confirming their presence and participation in the restoration efforts. Furthermore, in
Nehemiah 10:18, a representative of the family of Hashum is recorded as one of the signatories of the covenant, committing to follow the Law of God as given through Moses: "Hashum" . This act signifies their dedication to the spiritual and communal renewal of Israel.
3.
Reform and Repentance: The family of Hashum is also involved in the reforms led by Ezra. In
Ezra 10:33, some of the descendants of Hashum are listed among those who had taken foreign wives, which was against the Law of Moses. The text states, "From the descendants of Hashum: Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei" . This inclusion highlights the challenges faced by the returning exiles in maintaining their distinct identity and adherence to the covenant. The willingness of the Hashum family to rectify this situation by putting away their foreign wives demonstrates their commitment to repentance and obedience to God's commands.
4.
Role in the Community: The repeated mention of Hashum and his descendants in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah underscores their active role in the post-exilic community. They were part of the foundational efforts to re-establish the religious and social structures of Israel after the exile. Their involvement in the covenant renewal and reform movements indicates their influence and dedication to the spiritual health of the nation.
In summary, Hashum represents a family that was integral to the rebuilding and spiritual renewal of Israel during the post-exilic period. Their account is a testament to the challenges and commitments faced by the returning exiles as they sought to restore their identity and faithfulness to God.
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
Hashumsilence; their hasting
Smith's Bible Dictionary
Hashum(rich).
- Bene-Hashum, 223 in number, came back from Babylon with Zerubbabel. (Ezra 2:19;10:33;Nehemiah 7:22) (B.C. before 536.) The chief man of the family was among these who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah. (Nehemiah 10:18) (B.C. 410.)
- One of the priests or Levites who stood on Ezra's left hand while he read the law to the congregation. (Nehemiah 8:4) (B.C. 410.)
Easton's Bible Dictionary
Opulent.
(1.)Ezra 2:19;Nehemiah 7:22.
(2.) Stood on Ezra's left hand while he read the law (Nehemiah 8:4).
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
HASHUMha'-shum (chashum):
(1) InEzra 2:19Nehemiah 7:22, "children of Hashum" are mentioned among the returning exiles. InEzra 10:33 (compare 1 Esdras 9:33, "Asom"), members of the same family are named among those who married foreign wives.
(2) One of those who stood on Ezra's left at the reading of the law (Nehemiah 8:4; APC 1Esdras 9:44, "Lothasubus"). The signer of the covenant (Nehemiah 10:18) is possibly the same.
Strong's Hebrew
2828. Chashum -- an Israelite... Chashum. 2829 . an Israelite. Transliteration: Chashum Phonetic Spelling:
(khaw-shoom') Short Definition:
Hashum.
... NASB Word Usage
Hashum (5).
Hashum.
...Library
Reading the Law with Tears and Joy
... Shema, and Anaiah, and Urijah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah, on his right hand; and
on his left hand Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, andHashum, and Hashbadana...
Thesaurus
Zabad (8 Occurrences)... be Zacar (zakhar), (5) Name of three men who had married foreign wives: (a) son
of Zattu (Ezra 10:27)= "Sabathus" of 1 Esdras 9:28; (b) son of
Hashum (Ezra 10
...Mattenai (3 Occurrences)
... mat-e-na'-i, mat'-e-ni (mattenay, "liberal"): (1) (2) Two who married foreign wives,
one a son ofHashum (Ezra 10:33; in 1Es 9:33 "Altanneus"); the other a son...
Hashum (4 Occurrences)
...HASHUM. ha'-shum (chashum): (1) In Ezra 2:19 Nehemiah 7:22, "children ofHashum"
are mentioned among the returning exiles....Hashum (4 Occurrences)....
Shimei (43 Occurrences)
... (9) A man of Reuben, son of Gog (1 Chronicles 5:4). (10), (11) Two men of "Israel,"
ie not priests or Levites, one "of the sons ofHashum" (Ezra 10:33), the...
328 (1 Occurrence)
... Multi-Version Concordance 328 (1 Occurrence). Nehemiah 7:22 The children
ofHashum, three hundred Twenty-eight. (See NAS NIV)....
223 (1 Occurrence)
... Multi-Version Concordance 223 (1 Occurrence). Ezra 2:19 The children
ofHashum, two hundred Twenty-three. (See NAS NIV)....
Jeremai (1 Occurrence)
... Multi-Version Concordance Jeremai (1 Occurrence). Ezra 10:33 Of the sons ofHashum:
Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, Shimei....
Jeremias (3 Occurrences)
... In Ezra 10:33 we find, "Jeremai" among the sons ofHashum. In 1 Esdras it should
come in 9:33 before Manasses. (2) See JEREMIAH (general article)....
Jer'emai (1 Occurrence)
... Multi-Version Concordance Jer'emai (1 Occurrence). Ezra 10:33 Of the sons ofHashum:
Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, Shimei. (See RSV)...
Lothasubus
... LOTHASUBUS. loth-a-su'-bus (Lothasoubos): One of those who stood by Ezra at the
reading of the law (1 Esdras 9:44); called "Hashum" in Nehemiah 8:4....
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