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Topical Encyclopedia

The Amalekites were a nomadic tribe mentioned frequently in the Old Testament, known for their longstanding enmity with the Israelites. They are traditionally considered descendants of Esau, through his grandson Amalek, as noted inGenesis 36:12: "Additionally, Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, bore Amalek. These were the sons of Esau’s wife Adah." The Amalekites inhabited the region of the Negev and parts of the Sinai Peninsula.

Historical Context and Biblical References

The Amalekites first appear in the biblical narrative during the Exodus. As the Israelites journeyed from Egypt, the Amalekites attacked them at Rephidim. This unprovoked assault is recorded inExodus 17:8-16, where Moses, with the help of Aaron and Hur, held up his hands to ensure Israel's victory. The Lord declared perpetual war against Amalek, stating inExodus 17:14, "Write this on a scroll as a reminder and recite it to Joshua, because I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven."

The Amalekites are also mentioned inDeuteronomy 25:17-19, where the Israelites are commanded to remember the treachery of Amalek and to "blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven." This command underscores the deep-seated animosity between the two peoples.

Role in Israel's History

Throughout Israel's history, the Amalekites continued to be a thorn in their side. During the period of the Judges, they allied with the Moabites and Midianites against Israel (Judges 3:13, 6:3). Their persistent hostility culminated in the reign of King Saul, who was commanded by God through the prophet Samuel to destroy the Amalekites completely (1 Samuel 15:2-3). Saul's failure to fully obey this command led to his rejection as king, as he spared King Agag and the best of the livestock (1 Samuel 15:9-23).

David also encountered the Amalekites during his time in Ziklag. They raided the city, taking captives, which led David to pursue and defeat them, recovering all that was taken (1 Samuel 30:1-20).

Theological Significance

The Amalekites are often seen as a symbol of the perpetual struggle between good and evil, representing opposition to God's people and His purposes. Their repeated attacks on Israel highlight the spiritual warfare that believers face, as well as the importance of obedience to God's commands.

Final References and Legacy

The last biblical mention of the Amalekites occurs in the book of Esther, where Haman, a descendant of Agag, plots to destroy the Jews (Esther 3:1). This connection underscores the enduring enmity between the descendants of Amalek and Israel.

The Amalekites serve as a reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the importance of faithfulness to God's commands. Their account is a testament to the ongoing battle between the forces of God and those who oppose Him, a theme that resonates throughout the biblical narrative.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Amalekites

a nomadic tribe of uncertain origin, which occupied the peninsula of Sinai and the wilderness intervening between the southern hill-ranges of Palestine and the border of Egypt. (Numbers 13:29;1 Samuel 15:7;27:8) Their wealth consisted in flocks and herds. Mention is made of a "town" (1 Samuel 15:5) but their towns could have been little more than stations or nomadic enclosures. The Amalekites first came in contact with the Israelites at Rephidim, but were signally defeated. (Exodus 17:8-16) In union with the Canaanites they again attacked the Israelites on the borders of Palestine, and defeated them near Hormah. (Numbers 14:45) Saul undertook an expedition against them. (1 Samuel 14:48) Their power was thenceforth broken, and they degenerated into a horde of banditti. Their destruction was completed by David. (1 Samuel 30:1-17)

ATS Bible Dictionary

Amalekites

A powerful people, who dwelt in Arabia Petraea, between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea, perhaps in moving troops. We cannot assign the place of their habitation, except in general it is apparent that they dwelt south of Palestine, between Mount Seir and the border of Egypt; and it does not appear that they possessed many cities, though one is mentioned in1 Samuel 15:5. They lived generally in migrating parties, in caves or in tents, like the Bedaween Arabs of the present day. The Israelites had scarcely passed the Red sea, when the Amelikites attacked them in the desert of Rephidim, and slew those who, through fatigue or weakness, lagged behind; and for this unprovoked assault on the people of God, the doom of extermination was passed upon them,Exodus 17:8-16. They came again into conflict with a part of the Israelites on the border of the promised land,Numbers 14:45; and after 400 years, Saul attacked and destroyed them at the command of the Lord,1 Samuel 15:1-35. A remnant, however, escaped and subsided afterwards; David defeated them on several occasions,1 Samuel 27:8 30:1 2Sa 8:12; and they were finally blotted out by the Simeonites, in the time of Hezekiah,1 Chronicles 4:43, thus fulfilling the prediction of Balaam,Numbers 24:20. Haman, the last of the race mentioned in Scripture, perished like his fathers, in conflict with the Jews. See the book of Esther.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

MOUNT OF THE AMALEKITES

("Hill-country of the Amalekites" (Judges 12:15)): The Amalekites are usually connected with the valley (Numbers 14:25 Judges 7:12), but appear from this passage to have had a settlement in the hill country of Ephraim.

SeeAMALEKITE.

Strong's Hebrew

6003. Amaleqi -- descendant of Amalek
... 6002, 6003. Amaleqi. 6004 . descendant of Amalek. Transliteration: Amaleqi
Phonetic Spelling: (am-aw-lay-kee') Short Definition:Amalekites....Amalekites....

6002. Amaleq -- a descendant of Esau, also his posterity
... Amalek. Word Origin from amal Definition a desc. of Esau, also his posterity
NASB Word Usage Amalek (25),Amalekites (14). Amalek....

Library

How theAmalekites and the Neighbouring Nations, Made War with the...
... CHAPTER 2. How TheAmalekites And The Neighbouring Nations, Made War With The
Hebrews And Were Beaten And Lost A Great Part Of Their Army....

Saul's War with theAmalekites, and Conquest of Them.
... Containing The Interval Of Thirty-Two Years. From The Death Of Eli To The Death
Of Saul. CHAPTER 7. Saul's War With TheAmalekites, And Conquest Of Them....

How Amaziah Made an Expedition against the Edomites andAmalekites...
... CHAPTER 9. How Amaziah Made An Expedition Against The Edomites AndAmalekites And
Conquered Them; But When He Afterwards Made War Against Joash, He Was Beaten...

Saul Rejected
... And Saul said, They have brought them from theAmalekites: for the people spared
the best of the sheep and of the oxen, to sacrifice unto the Lore thy God; and...

Making the Best of Trouble
... And David and his men went up and made a raid upon the Geshurites, the Girzites,
and theAmalekites; for these tribes live in the land which extends from Telem...

Chapter xiv
... 7. And they returned and came to En Mishpat (that is, Kadesh) and smote all the
field of theAmalekites and also the Amorites that were dwelling in Hazazon...

At the Front or the Base
... David's city of Ziklag had been captured by theAmalekites, while he and all his
men who could carry arms were absent, serving in the army of Achish, the...

The Heavenly Banquet.
... TheAmalekites attacked the city of Ziklag, and took it, and burned it with fire,
and departed, carrying away with them the two wives of David, Ahinoam the...

Now Saul Upon God's not Answering Him Concerning the Fight with...
... to finish this war with good success; and thou art to lose thy dominion and thy
life, because thou didst not obey God in the war with theAmalekites, and hast...

Chapter xxxvi
... For according to Exodus 17:8 and Numbers 13:29; 14:25 theAmalekites must
have held territory much farther to the west. According...

Thesaurus

Amalekites (36 Occurrences)
... Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia MOUNT OF THEAMALEKITES. ("Hill... See AMALEKITE.
Multi-Version ConcordanceAmalekites (36 Occurrences). Genesis...

Amal'ekites (24 Occurrences)
Amal'ekites.Amalekites, Amal'ekites. Amam . Multi-Version Concordance
Amal'ekites (24 Occurrences). Genesis 14:7 And they turned...

Agag (6 Occurrences)
... (1.) A king of theAmalekites referred to by Balaam (Numbers 24:7). He
lived at the time of the Exodus. (2.) Another king of the...

Amalek (35 Occurrences)
... The spies had reported that theAmalekites were to be found in the south, in connection
with the Hittites, Jebusites and Amorites (Numbers 13:29)....

Kenites (8 Occurrences)
... They accompanied them in their march as far as Jericho (Judges 1:16), and then returned
to their old haunts among theAmalekites, in the desert to the south of...

Amalekite (12 Occurrences)
... The spies had reported that theAmalekites were to be found in the south, in connection
with the Hittites, Jebusites and Amorites (Numbers 13:29)....

Ziklag (13 Occurrences)
... 1 Samuel 27:6). During his absence with his army to join the Philistine expedition
against the Israelites (29:11), it was destroyed by theAmalekites (30:1, 2...

Invaded (20 Occurrences)
... Judges 6:3 So it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the
Amalekites, and the children of the east; they came up against them; (See NIV)....

Eastern (22 Occurrences)
... Judges 6:3 And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and
theAmalekites, and the children of the east; they came up against them; (See...

Merchandise (34 Occurrences)
... MOUNT OF THEAMALEKITES. ("Hill-country of theAmalekites" (Judges 12:15)):
TheAmalekites are usually connected with the valley...

Resources

Who were the Amalekites? | GotQuestions.org

Why did God command the extermination / genocide of the Canaanites, women and children included? | GotQuestions.org

What is the meaning of Jehovah-Nissi? | GotQuestions.org

Bible Concordance •Bible Dictionary •Bible Encyclopedia •Topical Bible •Bible Thesuarus

Concordance

Amalekites (36 Occurrences)

Genesis 14:7
They returned, and came to En Mishpat (the same is Kadesh), and struck all the country of theAmalekites, and also the Amorites, that lived in Hazazon Tamar.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

Exodus 17:9
And Moses said unto Joshua: 'Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek; tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in my hand.'
(See NIV)

Exodus 17:10
So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek; and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.
(See NIV)

Exodus 17:11
And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed; and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed.
(See NIV)

Exodus 17:16
And he said: 'The hand upon the throne of the LORD: the LORD will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.'
(See NIV)

Numbers 13:29
TheAmalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan.
(KJV BBE WBS NIV)

Numbers 14:25
(Now theAmalekites and the Canaanites dwelt in the valley.) Tomorrow turn you, and get you into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea.
(KJV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

Numbers 14:43
For theAmalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and ye shall fall by the sword: because ye are turned away from the LORD, therefore the LORD will not be with you.
(KJV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

Numbers 14:45
Then theAmalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even unto Hormah.
(KJV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

Deuteronomy 25:17
Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way as ye came forth out of Egypt;
(See NIV)

Judges 1:16
Now Hobab the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, had come up out of the town of palm-trees, with the children of Judah, into the waste land of Arad; and he went and was living among theAmalekites;
(BBE)

Judges 3:13
And he gathered unto him the children of Ammon and Amalek; and he went and smote Israel, and they possessed the city of palm-trees.
(See NIV)

Judges 6:3
So it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and theAmalekites, and the children of the east; they came up against them;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

Judges 6:33
Then all the Midianites and theAmalekites and the children of the east assembled themselves together; and they passed over, and encamped in the valley of Jezreel.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

Judges 7:12
The Midianites and theAmalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like locusts for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand which is on the seashore for multitude.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

Judges 10:12
The Sidonians also, and theAmalekites, and the Maonites, did oppress you; and you cried to me, and I saved you out of their hand.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV WBS NAS NIV)

Judges 12:15
Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite died, and was buried in Pirathon in the land of Ephraim, in the hill country of theAmalekites.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 14:48
He did valiantly, and struck theAmalekites, and delivered Israel out of the hands of those who despoiled them.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:2
Thus saith the LORD of hosts: I remember that which Amalek did to Israel, how he set himself against him in the way, when he came up out of Egypt.
(See NIV)

1 Samuel 15:3
Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.'
(See NIV)

1 Samuel 15:5
And Saul came to the city of theAmalekites, and set an ambush in the valley.
(DBY)

1 Samuel 15:6
Saul said to the Kenites, "Go, depart, go down from among theAmalekites, lest I destroy you with them; for you showed kindness to all the children of Israel, when they came up out of Egypt." So the Kenites departed from among the Amalekites.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:7
Saul struck theAmalekites, from Havilah as you go to Shur, that is before Egypt.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:8
He took Agag the king of theAmalekites alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:15
Saul said, "They have brought them from theAmalekites; for the people spared the best of the sheep and of the cattle, to sacrifice to Yahweh your God. We have utterly destroyed the rest."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:18
and Yahweh sent you on a journey, and said,'Go, and utterly destroy the sinners theAmalekites, and fight against them until they are consumed.'
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:20
Saul said to Samuel, "But I have obeyed the voice of Yahweh, and have gone the way which Yahweh sent me, and have brought Agag the king of Amalek, and have utterly destroyed theAmalekites.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 15:32
Then said Samuel, "Bring here to me Agag the king of theAmalekites!" Agag came to him cheerfully. Agag said, "Surely the bitterness of death is past."
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 27:8
David and his men went up, and made a raid on the Geshurites, and the Girzites, and theAmalekites; for those nations were the inhabitants of the land, who were of old, as you go to Shur, even to the land of Egypt.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 28:18
Because thou didst not hearken to the voice of the LORD, and didst not execute His fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the LORD done this thing unto thee this day.
(See NIV)

1 Samuel 30:1
It happened, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that theAmalekites had made a raid on the South, and on Ziklag, and had struck Ziklag, and burned it with fire,
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

1 Samuel 30:18
David recovered all that theAmalekites had taken; and David rescued his two wives.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

2 Samuel 1:1
It happened after the death of Saul, when David was returned from the slaughter of theAmalekites, and David had abode two days in Ziklag;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

2 Samuel 8:12
The nations of Edom and Moab, and the children of Ammon and the Philistines and theAmalekites and the goods he had taken from Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
(BBE DBY)

1 Chronicles 4:43
They struck the remnant of theAmalekites who escaped, and have lived there to this day.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS NIV)

1 Chronicles 18:11
Them also king David dedicated to Jehovah, with the silver and the gold that he had brought from all the nations: from the Edomites, and from the Moabites, and from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines, and from theAmalekites.
(DBY)

Subtopics

Amalekites

Amalekites: A People Inhabiting the Country South of Idumea and East of the Red Sea

Amalekites: Defeat the Israelites

Amalekites: Defeated by Chedorlaomer

Amalekites: Defeated by David

Amalekites: Defeated by Gideon

Amalekites: Defeated by Joshua

Amalekites: Defeated by Saul

Amalekites: Defeated by the Simeonites

Amalekites: Israel Commanded to Destroy

Amalekites: Prophecies Against